Liu Gangjun, Jia Wangcun, Nelson J Stuart, Chen Zhongping
Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, 92617; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, 92612.
Lasers Surg Med. 2013 Dec;45(10):628-32. doi: 10.1002/lsm.22194. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
Port-wine stain (PWS) is a congenital, progressive vascular malformation of the dermis. The use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the characterization of blood vessels in PWS skin has been demonstrated by several groups. In the past few years, advances in OCT technology have greatly increased imaging speed. Sophisticated numerical algorithms have improved the sensitivity of Doppler OCT dramatically. These improvements have enabled the noninvasive, high-resolution, three-dimensional functional imaging of PWS skin. Here, we demonstrate high-resolution, three-dimensional, microvasculature imaging of PWS and normal skin using Doppler OCT technique.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The OCT system uses a swept source laser which has a central wavelength of 1,310 nm, an A-line rate of 50 kHz and a total average power of 16 mW. The system uses a handheld imaging probe and has an axial resolution of 9.3 µm in air and a lateral resolution of approximately 15 µm. Images were acquired from PWS subjects at the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic. Microvasculature of the PWS skin and normal skin were obtained from the PWS subject.
High-resolution, three-dimensional microvasculature of PWS and normal skin were obtained. Many enlarged PWS vessels are detected in the dermis down to 1.0 mm below the PWS skin surface. In one subject, the blood vessel diameters range from 40 to 90 µm at the epidermal-dermal junction and increase up to 300-500 µm at deeper regions 700-1,000 µm below skin surface. The blood vessels close to the epidermal-dermal junction are more uniform, in terms of diameter. The more tortuous and dilated PWS blood vessels are located at deeper regions 600-1,000 µm below the skin surface. In another subject example, the PWS skin blood vessels are dilated at very superficial layers at a depth less than 500 µm below the skin surface. The PWS skin vessel diameters range from 60 to 650 µm, with most vessels having a diameter of around 200 µm.
OCT can be used to quantitatively image in vivo skin micro-vasculature. Analysis of the PWS and normal skin blood vessels were performed and the results can provide quantitative information to optimize laser treatment on an individual patient basis.
葡萄酒色斑（PWS）是一种先天性的、进行性的真皮血管畸形。多个研究小组已证实使用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）对PWS皮肤中的血管进行表征。在过去几年中，OCT技术的进步极大地提高了成像速度。先进的数值算法显著提高了多普勒OCT的灵敏度。这些改进使得对PWS皮肤进行无创、高分辨率的三维功能成像成为可能。在此，我们使用多普勒OCT技术展示了PWS和正常皮肤的高分辨率三维微血管成像。
研究设计/材料与方法：OCT系统使用扫频源激光，其中心波长为1310 nm，A线速率为50 kHz，总平均功率为16 mW。该系统使用手持式成像探头，在空气中轴向分辨率为9.3 µm，横向分辨率约为15 µm。图像取自贝克曼激光研究所和医疗诊所的PWS患者。从PWS患者获取了PWS皮肤和正常皮肤的微血管图像。
获得了PWS和正常皮肤的高分辨率三维微血管图像。在PWS皮肤表面以下1.0 mm深度的真皮中检测到许多扩张的PWS血管。在一名患者中，表皮-真皮交界处的血管直径范围为40至90 µm，在皮肤表面以下700 - 1000 µm的较深区域增加到300 - 500 µm。靠近表皮-真皮交界处的血管在直径方面更为均匀。更曲折和扩张的PWS血管位于皮肤表面以下600 - 1000 µm的较深区域。在另一个患者示例中，PWS皮肤血管在皮肤表面以下深度小于500 µm的非常浅的层中扩张。PWS皮肤血管直径范围为60至650 µm，大多数血管直径约为200 µm。
OCT可用于对体内皮肤微血管进行定量成像。对PWS和正常皮肤血管进行了分析，结果可为基于个体患者优化激光治疗提供定量信息。
