INSERM, U1077 Caen, France ; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077 Caen, France ; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077 Caen, France ; CHU de Caen, U1077 Caen, France.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Oct 22;7:693. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00693. eCollection 2013.
Brain plasticity allows the central nervous system of a given organism to cope with environmental demands. Therefore, the quality of mental processes relies partly on the interaction between the brain's physiological maturation and individual daily experiences. In this review, we focus on the neural implementation of musical expertise at both an anatomical and a functional level. We then discuss how this neural implementation can explain transfers from musical learning to a broad range of non-musical cognitive functions, including language, especially during child development. Finally, given that brain plasticity is still present in aging, we gather arguments to propose that musical practice could be a good environmental enrichment to promote cerebral and cognitive reserves, thereby reducing the deleterious effect of aging on cognitive functions.
大脑可塑性使特定生物体的中枢神经系统能够应对环境需求。因此，心理过程的质量部分取决于大脑的生理成熟和个体日常经验之间的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们专注于音乐专业知识在解剖和功能层面上的神经实现。然后，我们讨论了这种神经实现如何能够解释从音乐学习到广泛的非音乐认知功能的转移，包括语言，特别是在儿童发育期间。最后，鉴于大脑的可塑性在衰老过程中仍然存在，我们收集了一些论据，提出音乐练习可能是一种很好的环境丰富方式，可以促进大脑和认知储备，从而减少衰老对认知功能的有害影响。
