School of Medicine of Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
BMC Neurol. 2013 Oct 24;13:153. doi: 10.1186/1471-2377-13-153.
Advances in the diagnosis and multi-modality treatment of cancer have increased survival rates for many cancer types leading to an increasing load of long-term sequelae of therapy, including that of cognitive dysfunction. The cytotoxic nature of chemotherapeutic agents may also reduce neurogenesis, a key component of the physiology of memory and cognition, with ramifications for the patient's mood and other cognition disorders. Similarly radiotherapy employed as a therapeutic or prophylactic tool in the treatment of primary or metastatic disease may significantly affect cognition. A number of emerging pharmacotherapies are under investigation for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction experienced by cancer patients. Recent data from clinical trials is reviewed involving the stimulants modafinil and methylphenidate, mood stabiliser lithium, anti-Alzheimer's drugs memantine and donepezil, as well as other agents which are currently being explored within dementia, animal, and cell culture models to evaluate their use in treating cognitive dysfunction.
癌症的诊断和多模态治疗的进展提高了许多癌症类型的生存率，导致治疗的长期后遗症负担增加，包括认知功能障碍。化疗药物的细胞毒性性质也可能减少神经发生，这是记忆和认知生理学的关键组成部分，对患者的情绪和其他认知障碍产生影响。同样，放射治疗作为原发性或转移性疾病治疗的治疗或预防工具，也可能显著影响认知。目前正在研究许多新的药物治疗方法来治疗癌症患者的认知功能障碍。本文综述了涉及兴奋剂莫达非尼和哌醋甲酯、心境稳定剂锂、抗阿尔茨海默病药物美金刚和多奈哌齐的临床试验的最新数据，以及其他目前正在痴呆、动物和细胞培养模型中探索的药物，以评估它们在治疗认知功能障碍中的用途。
