Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Rm 5-204, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Jan 5;722:192-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.015. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
to review the topic of prognostic factors for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Multiple patient factors such as age, gender and alcohol intake have been found that affect the likelihood of emesis with a given chemotherapy. Pharmacogenomics has also been explored as a cause for variation in emetic response. In theory these risk factors could be used to optimize antiemetic therapy for individual patients but guidelines for prophylactic antiemetics are based solely upon the type of chemotherapy administered. Attempts to identify subgroups of patients for whom guidelines recommendations are suboptimal have thus far been unsuccessful except for those with a poor experience in a previous cycle of the same chemotherapy. At present, there is no basis for deviating from evidence-based guidelines when prescribing antiemetics prior to the first cycle of chemotherapy.
探讨化疗引起的恶心和呕吐的预后因素。已经发现了多个患者因素，如年龄、性别和饮酒量，这些因素会影响特定化疗引起呕吐的可能性。药物基因组学也被探索为呕吐反应差异的原因。从理论上讲，这些危险因素可以用于优化个体患者的止吐治疗，但预防性止吐药物的指南仅基于给予的化疗类型。迄今为止，除了在同一化疗的前一周期中经历不佳的患者外，试图确定指南建议不适用的患者亚组的尝试均未成功。目前，在开始化疗的第一个周期之前开具止吐药物时，没有依据背离基于证据的指南。
