Malolina E A, Kulibin A Iu, Tiulenev Iu A, Kushch A A
Urologiia. 2013 Jul-Aug(4):55-9.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system of males, infects male sex cells, and its presence in the ejaculate is associated with infertility. However, information on the pathways of HSV in the testicles, the extent of damage of spermatogenic tissue and the effect on spermatogenesis are insufficient. This work was aimed to the evaluation of effect of HSV on mice spermatogenesis in retrograde infection with the virus. Molecular (RT-PCR), virologic, morphological and immunohistochemical methods were used. Analysis showed that after virus inoculation directly into seminiferous tubules the viral protein is found in all layers of seminiferous epithelium. On the third day of infection the proportion of tubules containing HSV protein was 4.9%, reached a maximum on day 6 - 23,5 and 18% for the high and low doses of HSV, respectively, and then decreased; viral protein was not detected on 21th and 45th day. HSV DNA was detected in the testes at all stages of infection. Since the 14th day after infection, testes weight was significantly reduced compared to the control: 7,9-fold decrease at 45th day with a high dose of HSV, and 4,9-fold decrease with low dose. The infection with HSV led to the development of orchitis and considerable destructive changes in the spermatogenic tissue. The proportion of morphologically normal tubules was reduced to 6 and 15% at day 14 and remained at a low level up to 45th day. Approximately half of the seminiferous tubules (46.5%) at the 14th and 21th day had no somatic Sertoli cells needed for the restoration of spermatogenic tissue. These data suggests that retrograde infection of male gonads with HSV leads to the structure damage of testis and death of germ and somatic cells, indicating the irreversibility of degenerative changes in infected testes.
单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）可引发男性泌尿生殖系统的炎症性疾病，感染男性生殖细胞，其在精液中的存在与不育症有关。然而，关于HSV在睾丸中的传播途径、生精组织的损伤程度以及对精子发生的影响，相关信息并不充分。这项研究旨在评估HSV逆行感染对小鼠精子发生的影响。采用了分子（RT-PCR）、病毒学、形态学和免疫组织化学方法。分析表明，将病毒直接接种到生精小管后，在生精上皮的所有层中都能检测到病毒蛋白。感染后的第三天，含有HSV蛋白的小管比例为4.9%，在第6天达到最大值，高剂量和低剂量HSV分别为23.5%和18%，随后下降；在第21天和第45天未检测到病毒蛋白。在感染的各个阶段，睾丸中均检测到HSV DNA。自感染后第14天起，与对照组相比，睾丸重量显著减轻：高剂量HSV在第45天时下降了7.9倍，低剂量下降了4.9倍。HSV感染导致睾丸炎的发生以及生精组织出现相当大的破坏性变化。在第14天时，形态正常的小管比例降至6%和15%，直至第45天一直维持在较低水平。在第14天和第21天，约一半的生精小管（46.5%）没有恢复生精组织所需的支持细胞。这些数据表明，HSV逆行感染男性性腺会导致睾丸结构受损以及生殖细胞和支持细胞死亡，这表明受感染睾丸中的退行性变化是不可逆的。
