State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
Theor Appl Genet. 2014 Feb;127(2):309-16. doi: 10.1007/s00122-013-2219-1. Epub 2013 Oct 26.
We present experimental data for wheat, barley, and triticale suggesting that hybrids manifest on average higher yield stability than inbred lines. Yield stability is assumed to be higher for hybrids than for inbred lines, but experimental data proving this hypothesis is scarce for autogamous cereals. We used multi-location grain yield trials and compared the yield stability of hybrids versus lines for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack). Our study comprised three phenotypic data sets of 1,749 wheat, 96 barley, and 130 triticale genotypes, which were evaluated for grain yield in up to five contrasting locations. Yield stability of the group of hybrids was compared with that of the group of inbred lines estimating the stability variance. For all three crops we observed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher yield stability of hybrids compared to lines. The enhanced yield stability of hybrids as compared to lines represents a major step forward, facilitating coping with the increasing abiotic stress expected from the predicted climate change.
我们提出了关于小麦、大麦和黑小麦的实验数据，这些数据表明杂种的平均产量稳定性高于自交系。人们认为杂种的产量稳定性高于自交系，但对于自花授粉的谷类作物来说，证明这一假设的实验数据很少。我们使用了多地点的谷物产量试验，并比较了小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）、大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）和小黑麦（×Triticosecale Wittmack）的杂种与自交系的产量稳定性。我们的研究包括了三个表型数据集，包含了 1749 个小麦、96 个大麦和 130 个小黑麦基因型，这些基因型在多达五个不同的地点进行了谷物产量评估。通过估计稳定性方差，比较了杂种群体和自交系群体的产量稳定性。对于所有三种作物，我们都观察到杂种的产量稳定性明显（P < 0.05）高于自交系。与自交系相比，杂种产量稳定性的提高是一个重大的进步，有助于应对预计气候变化带来的日益增加的非生物胁迫。
