Shah Harshal, Bosch Wendelyn, Thompson Kristine M, Hellinger Walter C
Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Neurohospitalist. 2013 Jul;3(3):144-51. doi: 10.1177/1941874413476043.
Intravascular catheters required for the care of many hospitalized patients can give rise to bloodstream infection, a complication of care that has occurred most frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) has guided development of effective diagnostic, management, and prevention strategies. When CRBSIs occur in the ICU, physicians must be prepared to recognize and treat them. Prevention of these infections requires careful attention to optimal catheter selection, insertion and maintenance, and to removal of catheters when they are no longer needed. This review provides a succinct summary of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and microbiology of CRBSIs and a review of current guidance for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of these infections.
许多住院患者护理所需的血管内导管可引发血流感染，这是一种护理并发症，在重症监护病房（ICU）环境中最为常见。对导管相关血流感染（CRBSIs）发病机制的阐明为有效的诊断、管理和预防策略的制定提供了指导。当ICU发生CRBSIs时，医生必须做好识别和治疗的准备。预防这些感染需要密切关注最佳导管的选择、插入和维护，以及在不再需要时拔除导管。本综述简要总结了CRBSIs的流行病学、发病机制和微生物学，并回顾了目前关于这些感染的诊断、管理和预防的指南。
