Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institution of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013 Oct 29;11:182. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-182.
Sensory hyperreactivity (SHR) is one explanation for airway symptoms induced by chemicals and scents. Little is known about health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and coping, in this group of patients. A study was done in patients with SHR to (1) compare the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) in regard to their suitability, validity, reliability, and acceptability; (2) evaluate how the patients cope with the illness; (3) assess whether there are differences between women and men with respect to HRQOL and coping; and (4) assess whether there are differences between patients and normative data with respect to HRQOL and coping.
A total of 115 patients (91 women) with SHR were asked to answer five questionnaires: a study-specific questionnaire, the Chemical Sensitivity Scale for Sensory Hyperreactivity (CSS-SHR), the NHP, the SF-36, and the Jalowiec Coping Scale-60.
Eighty-three patients (72%; 70 women) completed all questionnaires. The SF-36 scores were less skewed and more homogeneously distributed and showed fewer floor and ceiling effects than the NHP scores. The SF-36 was also discriminated better between patients with high and low CSS-SHR scores. The reliability standard for both questionnaires was satisfactory. There were no gender differences in HRQOL. Patients with SHR had significantly lower HRQOL scores than the normative data in comparable domains of the NHP and the SF-36: emotional reactions/mental health, energy/vitality, physical mobility/functioning, and pain/bodily pain. In social isolation/functioning, the results were different; the NHP scores were similar to the normative data and the SF-36 scores were lower. The most commonly used coping styles were optimistic, self-reliant, and confrontational. Women used optimistic coping more than men. Compared with the normative group, patients with SHR used confrontational and optimistic coping more and emotive coping less.
The current findings showed that both the NHP and the SF-36 were reliable instruments; but the results suggest that the SF-36 is a more sensitive instrument than the NHP for elucidating HRQOL in patients with SHR. Patients with SHR experienced a poor HRQOL and they followed the Western tradition of preferring problem-focused coping strategies to palliative and emotive strategies.
感觉过敏（SHR）是化学物质和气味引起气道症状的一种解释。对于这组患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）和应对方式，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在（1）比较诺丁汉健康调查问卷（NHP）和简明健康调查问卷 36 项（SF-36）在适用性、有效性、可靠性和可接受性方面的差异；（2）评估患者的疾病应对方式；（3）评估女性和男性患者在 HRQOL 和应对方式方面的差异；（4）评估患者与正常数据在 HRQOL 和应对方式方面的差异。
共纳入 115 例 SHR 患者（91 例女性），要求其回答以下五个问卷：特定于研究的问卷、感觉超敏化学敏感性量表（CSS-SHR）、NHP、SF-36 和 Jalowiec 应对量表-60。
83 例患者（72%，70 例女性）完成了所有问卷。SF-36 评分的偏度和分布更均匀，且地板效应和天花板效应较 NHP 评分更少。SF-36 也能更好地区分 CSS-SHR 评分高和低的患者。两种问卷的可靠性标准均令人满意。HRQOL 方面无性别差异。与 NHP 和 SF-36 中可比领域的正常数据相比，SHR 患者的 HRQOL 评分显著更低：情绪反应/心理健康、精力/活力、身体移动/功能、疼痛/躯体疼痛。在社会孤立/功能方面，结果则不同；NHP 评分与正常数据相似，SF-36 评分则较低。最常用的应对方式是乐观、自力更生和对抗。女性比男性更常使用乐观的应对方式。与正常组相比，SHR 患者使用对抗和乐观的应对方式更多，而情感应对方式更少。
本研究发现 NHP 和 SF-36 都是可靠的工具，但结果表明，SF-36 比 NHP 更能敏感地反映 SHR 患者的 HRQOL。SHR 患者的 HRQOL 较差，他们遵循西方传统，更喜欢以问题为导向的应对策略，而不是姑息和情感策略。
