Barrett G, Shibasaki H, Neshige R
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1986 Apr;63(4):327-39. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(86)90017-9.
We have recorded movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) to voluntary middle finger extension from 10 young and 10 old subjects free of neurological disease using the method of detecting EMG onset associated with each movement described by Barrett et al. (1985). The slow potential shifts preceding movement were measured by fitting a linear regression line to the wave forms to obtain a measure of their slope. Three separate potential shifts were identified. The first had a scalp distribution and onset latency similar to the Bereitschaftspotential (BP) first reported by Kornhuber and Deecke (1964, 1965). The potential shift immediately preceding movement corresponded with the NS' of Shibasaki et al. (1980). We identified, for the first time, a third shift intervening between BP and NS' and named it the intermediate shift (IS). The onset of BP occurred about 1.6 sec before EMG onset and was followed by IS which began about 875 msec before movement. The onset of NS' occurred 300 msec before EMG onset and terminated about 90 msec before this event. The slope of BP preceding right finger movement was steeper than that preceding left hand movement in all our right-handed subjects. The distribution of BP was symmetric about the midline. The IS potential shift had a slope which was steeper on the average preceding left finger movement than right. The distribution of IS was symmetric about the midline preceding left finger movement but had a contralateral tendency preceding right hand movement. NS' had a maximum slope at contralateral electrodes over the hand motor area and parietal areas. It was suggested that the BP potential shift originates in the supplementary motor area on the medial surface of the cerebral cortex. The differing distribution of the IS shift for the two hands suggests that this potential may be generated bilaterally preceding left finger movement but from the contralateral hemisphere only preceding movement of the right finger. The most likely origin of this potential was thought to be superior premotor cortex. NS' was considered to originate in primary motor cortex with possible contributions from other cortical areas associated with movement.
我们使用Barrett等人（1985年）描述的检测与每次运动相关的肌电图起始的方法，记录了10名无神经系统疾病的年轻受试者和10名老年受试者在自愿进行中指伸展时的运动相关皮层电位（MRCPs）。通过对波形拟合一条线性回归线来测量运动前的慢电位变化，以获得其斜率的度量。识别出了三个不同的电位变化。第一个电位变化的头皮分布和起始潜伏期与Kornhuber和Deecke（1964年、1965年）首次报道的准备电位（BP）相似。紧接运动前的电位变化与Shibasaki等人（1980年）的NS'相对应。我们首次识别出在BP和NS'之间的第三个变化，并将其命名为中间变化（IS）。BP的起始发生在肌电图起始前约1.6秒，随后是IS，IS在运动前约875毫秒开始。NS'的起始发生在肌电图起始前300毫秒，并在该事件前约90毫秒终止。在我们所有右利手受试者中，右手手指运动前BP的斜率比左手运动前的斜率更陡。BP的分布关于中线对称。IS电位变化的斜率平均而言在左手手指运动前比右手运动前更陡。IS在左手手指运动前关于中线对称分布，但在右手运动前有对侧倾向。NS'在手部运动区和顶叶区的对侧电极处有最大斜率。有人提出BP电位变化起源于大脑皮层内侧表面的辅助运动区。双手IS变化的不同分布表明，这种电位可能在左手手指运动前双侧产生，但仅在右手手指运动前从对侧半球产生。这种电位最可能的起源被认为是额上回前运动皮层。NS'被认为起源于初级运动皮层，可能还有与运动相关的其他皮层区域的贡献。
