Raaijmakers L G M, Bessems K M H H, Kremers S P J, van Assema P
NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Nutr Health. 2012 Oct;21(4):219-31. doi: 10.1177/0260106013506670. Epub 2013 Nov 5.
The aim of this study was to assess energy, saturated fat and fibre intakes at breakfast among Dutch youngsters aged 10-19 years and the extent to which they meet nutritional value recommendations and the educational messages on food group intake by the Netherlands Nutrition Centre (NNC). A cross-sectional design was used and data were collected through an online questionnaire among 2380 students attending 71 Dutch schools for primary and secondary education. Energy intake at breakfast was, on average, 15.8% of daily recommended energy intake; mean saturated fat intake was 7.5 en% and mean fibre intake 1.0 g per 100 kcal. Of the participants, 67.2% met the saturated fat intake recommendation and 35.3% the fibre intake recommendation. In addition, 25.5% were assessed to have an adequate energy intake based on daily recommended, but not individually measured, age- and gender-specific energy intake. Most participants consumed products from the grains food group, in combination with products from one or two other food groups. Consumption from two or more food groups resulted in less favourable intake. Our study found generally inadequate fibre intake at breakfast as well as an indication of inadequate energy intake at breakfast among Dutch youngsters. The educational message of the NNC to consume at least (wholemeal) bread or another fibre-rich product (cereals) at breakfast seems realistic in terms of compliance and favourable in terms of the resulting nutritional value. The educational message to preferably eat from each of the five main food groups should be reconsidered.
本研究旨在评估10至19岁荷兰青少年早餐时的能量、饱和脂肪和纤维摄入量，以及他们在多大程度上符合营养价值建议和荷兰营养中心（NNC）关于食物组摄入量的教育信息。采用横断面设计，通过在线问卷收集了荷兰71所中小学的2380名学生的数据。早餐的能量摄入量平均占每日推荐能量摄入量的15.8%；平均饱和脂肪摄入量为7.5%，平均纤维摄入量为每100千卡1.0克。在参与者中，67.2%的人饱和脂肪摄入量符合建议，35.3%的人纤维摄入量符合建议。此外，根据每日推荐的、但未单独测量的年龄和性别特异性能量摄入量，25.5%的人被评估为能量摄入充足。大多数参与者食用谷物食物组的产品，并与一两个其他食物组的产品搭配。从两个或更多食物组摄入食物导致的摄入量不太理想。我们的研究发现，荷兰青少年早餐时的纤维摄入量普遍不足，早餐能量摄入也有不足的迹象。就依从性而言，NNC关于早餐至少食用（全麦）面包或其他富含纤维的产品（谷物）的教育信息似乎是现实的，就由此产生的营养价值而言也是有利的。关于最好从五个主要食物组中各选食物食用的教育信息应重新考虑。
