Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Psychology Building, 61820, Champaign, Illinois.
Mem Cognit. 1977 Nov;5(6):673-8. doi: 10.3758/BF03197414.
A sentence pragmatically implies another sentence when information in the first sentence leads the hearer to expect something that is neither explicitly stated nor necessarily implied by the original sentence. Thus,The safe-cracker put the match to the fuse pragmatically impliesThe safe-cracker lit the fuse. In a cued recall task with sentences containing pragmatic implications, 19% of the items were recalled correctly while 26% of the responses consisted of the pragmatic implications of the original sentences. The data were interpreted as demonstrating the strong interaction of the subjects' long-term knowledge with the episodic memory for sentences task.
当第一个句子中的信息使听话者期待一些既不是原句明确陈述的，也不是必然隐含的内容时，一个句子在语用学上就暗示了另一个句子。因此，“撬保险箱的人用火柴去点导火索”在语用学上暗示了“撬保险箱的人点燃了导火索”。在一个含有语用暗示的句子的提示回忆任务中，19%的项目被正确回忆，而 26%的反应是原句的语用暗示。这些数据被解释为表明了被试的长期知识与句子任务的情景记忆之间的强烈相互作用。
