Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University School of Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2013 Dec;34(12):1289-96. doi: 10.1086/673979. Epub 2013 Oct 28.
To better understand hospital infection control practices in Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional evaluation of healthcare worker (HCW) knowledge, attitudes, and practices about hand hygiene and tuberculosis (TB) infection control measures.
An anonymous 76-item questionnaire was administered to HCWs at 2 university hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Knowledge items were scored as correct/incorrect. Attitude and practice items were assessed using a Likert scale.
In total, 261 surveys were completed by physicians (51%) and nurses (49%). Fifty-one percent of respondents were male; mean age was 30 years. While hand hygiene knowledge was fair, self-reported practice was suboptimal. Physicians reported performing hand hygiene 7% and 48% before and after patient contact, respectively. Barriers for performing hand hygiene included lack of hand hygiene agents (77%), sinks (30%), and proper training (50%) as well as irritation and dryness (67%) caused by hand sanitizer made in accordance with the World Health Organization formulation. TB infection control knowledge was excellent (more than 90% correct). Most HCWs felt that they were at high risk for occupational acquisition of TB (71%) and that proper TB infection control can prevent nosocomial transmission (92%). Only 12% of HCWs regularly wore a mask when caring for TB patients. Only 8% of HCWs reported that masks were regularly available, and 76% cited a lack of infrastructure to isolate suspected/known TB patients.
Training HCWs about the importance and proper practice of hand hygiene along with improving hand sanitizer options may improve patient safety. Additionally, enhanced infrastructure is needed to improve TB infection control practices and allay HCW concerns about acquiring TB in the hospital.
更好地了解埃塞俄比亚的医院感染控制实践。
对医护人员（HCW）关于手卫生和结核病（TB）感染控制措施的知识、态度和实践的横断面评估。
在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的 2 所大学医院，向 HCW 发放了一份匿名的 76 项问卷。知识项目的评分标准为正确/错误。使用李克特量表评估态度和实践项目。
共有 261 名医生（51%）和护士（49%）完成了调查。51%的受访者为男性；平均年龄为 30 岁。虽然手卫生知识尚可，但自我报告的实践情况并不理想。医生报告在接触患者前后分别进行了 7%和 48%的手卫生。执行手卫生的障碍包括缺乏手部卫生制剂（77%）、水槽（30%）和适当的培训（50%）以及符合世界卫生组织配方的手部消毒剂引起的刺激和干燥（67%）。TB 感染控制知识非常好（超过 90%正确）。大多数 HCW 认为他们有很高的职业获得结核病的风险（71%），并且适当的结核病感染控制可以预防医院内传播（92%）。只有 12%的 HCW 在照顾 TB 患者时经常戴口罩。只有 8%的 HCW 报告口罩经常有供应，并且 76%的人认为缺乏基础设施来隔离疑似/已知的 TB 患者。
培训 HCW 了解手卫生的重要性和正确实践，并改善手部消毒剂的选择，可能会提高患者的安全性。此外，需要加强基础设施，以改善结核病感染控制实践，并减轻 HCW 对在医院获得结核病的担忧。
