Darko David Oppong, Opoku Douglas Aninng, Ayisi-Boateng Nana Kwame, Mohammed Aliyu, Ashilevi Jennifer, Amponsah Obed Kwabena Offe, Mate-Kole Ayongo, Egblewogbe Dora, Darko Bridgetta Addai, Agyemang Ebenezer, Okyere Paul
Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
SAGE Open Med. 2024 Jan 23;12:20503121231225924. doi: 10.1177/20503121231225924. eCollection 2024.
Effective adherence to infection prevention and control practices is needed to reduce the rate of healthcare-acquired infections among healthcare workers. Policies to control healthcare-acquired infections among healthcare workers can be designed and implemented using information on adherence to infection prevention and control practices adherence and its determinants. This study, therefore, sought to assess the adherence to infection prevention and control practices among healthcare workers during the 2019 Coronavirus disease pandemic.
A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted among 323 randomly selected healthcare workers in four health facilities in the Suame Municipality, Ghana. Data on participants' socio-demographics, knowledge of infection prevention and control practices and adherence to infection prevention and control practices were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effect of demographic characteristics and knowledge of infection prevention and control on adherence to infection prevention and control practices among study participants.
Over three-quarters (75.9%) of the study participants had adequate knowledge of infection prevention and control practices with a significant knowledge gap in the colour coding of bin liners for waste segregation (35.6%). The proportion of study participants who reported good adherence to infection prevention and control practices was 86.7%. Healthcare workers who were 33 years and above (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.27; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.08-0.92) and absence of an infection prevention and control committee at the facility AOR: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.08-0.73) had reduced odds of good adherence to infection prevention and control practices. Nursing staff (AOR: 9.49, 95% CI: 2.51-35.87) and having adequate knowledge of infection prevention and control practices (AOR: 2.66; 95% CI: 1.19-5.97) were associated with increased odds of good adherence to infection prevention and control practices.
Adherence to infection prevention and control practices was high among this sample of Ghanaian healthcare workers. Interventions and strategies to improve adherence should include the setting up of infection prevention and control committees, education and strict observance of colour coding of bin liners for waste segregation and intensification of training of healthcare workers in infection prevention and control practices.
需要有效坚持感染预防与控制措施，以降低医护人员中医疗保健相关感染的发生率。可以利用关于感染预防与控制措施的依从性及其决定因素的信息，来设计和实施控制医护人员中医疗保健相关感染的政策。因此，本研究旨在评估2019年冠状病毒病大流行期间医护人员对感染预防与控制措施的依从性。
在加纳苏阿梅市四个卫生机构中，对323名随机抽取的医护人员进行了一项多中心横断面研究。使用预先测试的结构化问卷收集参与者的社会人口统计学数据、感染预防与控制措施的知识以及对感染预防与控制措施的依从性数据。采用多变量逻辑回归分析，以检验人口统计学特征和感染预防与控制知识对研究参与者中感染预防与控制措施依从性的影响。
超过四分之三（75.9%）的研究参与者对感染预防与控制措施有足够的了解，但在用于废物分类的垃圾袋颜色编码方面存在显著的知识差距（35.6%）。报告对感染预防与控制措施依从性良好的研究参与者比例为86.7%。33岁及以上的医护人员（调整后的优势比（AOR）：0.27；95%置信区间（CI）：0.08 - 0.92）以及所在机构没有感染预防与控制委员会（AOR：0.25；95% CI：0.08 - 0.73），对感染预防与控制措施依从性良好的几率降低。护士（AOR：9.49，95% CI：2.51 - 35.87）以及对感染预防与控制措施有足够的了解（AOR：2.66；95% CI：1.19 - 5.97）与感染预防与控制措施依从性良好的几率增加相关。
在加纳的这一样本医护人员中，对感染预防与控制措施的依从性较高。提高依从性的干预措施和策略应包括设立感染预防与控制委员会、开展教育以及严格遵守用于废物分类的垃圾袋颜色编码，并加强对医护人员感染预防与控制措施的培训。
