Volta A, Manfredi S, Vignoli M, Russo M, England G C W, Rossi F, Bigliardi E, Di Ianni F, Parmigiani E, Bresciani C, Gnudi G
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2014 Apr;49(2):202-9. doi: 10.1111/rda.12250. Epub 2013 Nov 18.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound with sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles was performed in seven healthy dogs without a history of reproductive pathology and with histologically confirmed normal testes and in 42 dogs with chronic scrotal anomalies. All dogs underwent orchiectomy and histological examination. Enhancement patterns and perfusion parameters (peak intensity and regional blood flow) of testes of healthy dogs and testes with chronic lesions were compared. Fourteen non-pathologic and 60 pathologic testes were considered. Forty testes were neoplastic (24 interstitial cell tumours, 9 seminomas, 7 Sertoli cell tumours), 20 were non-neoplastic (16 testicular degenerations, 2 chronic orchitis, 1 testicular atrophy, 1 interstitial cell hyperplasia). In healthy dogs, the contrast medium flow had a rapid homogeneous wash-in and wash-out, with a short peak phase. With contrast ultrasound, testes that were inhomogeneous with a hyperenhancing pattern were associated with neoplasia (sensitivity: 87.5%, specificity: 100%). Lesions with persistent inner vessels and a hypo-to-isoechoic background were significantly associated with seminomas (sensitivity: 77.8%, specificity: 100%). Testes with non-neoplastic lesions were characterized by a scant/moderate homogeneous enhancement. Perfusion parameters were higher in neoplastic lesions. Contrast ultrasound was a feasible diagnostic tool in the assessment of testicular lesions, with hyperenhancement being an important feature in the diagnosis of malignancy.
对7只无生殖系统疾病史且经组织学证实睾丸正常的健康犬以及42只患有慢性阴囊异常的犬进行了六氟化硫微泡增强超声检查。所有犬均接受了睾丸切除术和组织学检查。比较了健康犬睾丸和患有慢性病变犬睾丸的增强模式及灌注参数（峰值强度和局部血流量）。共纳入14个非病理性睾丸和60个病理性睾丸。40个睾丸为肿瘤性（24个间质细胞瘤、9个精原细胞瘤、7个支持细胞瘤），20个为非肿瘤性（16个睾丸退变、2个慢性睾丸炎、1个睾丸萎缩、1个间质细胞增生）。在健康犬中，造影剂快速均匀地进入和流出，峰值期较短。超声造影显示，呈不均匀高增强模式的睾丸与肿瘤相关（敏感性：87.5%，特异性：100%）。内部血管持续存在且背景为低回声至等回声的病变与精原细胞瘤显著相关（敏感性：77.8%，特异性：100%）。非肿瘤性病变的睾丸表现为少量/中等程度的均匀增强。肿瘤性病变的灌注参数更高。超声造影是评估睾丸病变的一种可行诊断工具，高增强是诊断恶性肿瘤的一个重要特征。
