Jenkins R D, Fenn J P, Matsen J M
JAMA. 1986 Jun 27;255(24):3397-403.
Urine microscopy for bacteriuria remains a useful and valid technique for the evaluation of urinary tract infection; however, established interpretive criteria are not agreed on. Our own data and a review of the literature demonstrate that reliable data can be obtained by enumerating the organisms observed in stained or unstained centrifuged and stained uncentrifuged urine specimens. Criteria are given for the interpretation of urine microscopy for maximum sensitivity and specificity for each method reviewed. For clinicians desiring to perform urine microscopy, we recommend the use of oil-immersion microscopy of Gram-stained centrifuged urine sediment and suggest that observing at least one organism per oil-immersion field corresponds with 95% sensitivity and that observing more than five organisms corresponds with 95% specificity for bacteriuria at a level of 10(5) or more colony-forming units per milliliter. Further testing will be required on any negative specimen from a symptomatic patient.
尿细菌学显微镜检查仍然是评估尿路感染的一项有用且有效的技术；然而，目前尚未就既定的解释标准达成共识。我们自己的数据以及对文献的回顾表明，通过对染色或未染色的离心尿液标本以及未离心染色的尿液标本中观察到的微生物进行计数，可以获得可靠的数据。文中给出了对每种检查方法进行尿显微镜检查的解释标准，以实现最大的敏感性和特异性。对于希望进行尿显微镜检查的临床医生，我们建议使用革兰氏染色离心尿沉渣的油镜检查，并表明在每个油镜视野中观察到至少一个微生物对应于95%的敏感性，而观察到超过五个微生物对应于每毫升10(5)或更多菌落形成单位水平的菌尿95%的特异性。对于有症状患者的任何阴性标本，都需要进一步检测。
