Department of Paediatrics - Developmental Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013 Nov;55 Suppl 4:59-64. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12309.
To review neuroimaging studies in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) systematically. Because only a few studies addressed this, we broadened our search and included neuroimaging studies in children with perinatal adversities and motor impairment without cerebral palsy.
Two searches were performed in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science addressing (1) neuroimaging in DCD and (2) neuroimaging in children with perinatal adversities and motor impairment.
Five studies in children with DCD were identified. Four functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies showed that children with DCD activate multiple brain areas differently than controls. One diffusion tensor imaging study indicated that the internal capsule in children with DCD showed differences. The second search identified seven studies: three showed that white matter abnormalities and severe abnormalities on MRI were related to motor impairment; four were unable to demonstrate similar relationships.
Data on neuroimaging in DCD are scarce; data available suggest that multiple brain areas are involved in the neuropathophysiology of DCD. Motor impairment in children with perinatal adversities is related especially to white matter abnormalities and severe abnormalities on MRI. We hypothesize that in some children with DCD the neural substrate mimics that of cerebral palsy. More neuroimaging studies are needed to understand the neural correlates of DCD better.
系统回顾儿童发育性协调障碍（DCD）的神经影像学研究。由于仅有少数研究涉及这一问题，我们扩大了搜索范围，纳入了围产期不良和无脑瘫的运动障碍儿童的神经影像学研究。
在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 中进行了两次搜索，分别针对（1）DCD 的神经影像学和（2）围产期不良和运动障碍儿童的神经影像学。
确定了 5 项针对 DCD 儿童的研究。4 项功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究表明，DCD 儿童的大脑多个区域的激活方式与对照组不同。1 项弥散张量成像研究表明，DCD 儿童的内囊存在差异。第二次搜索确定了 7 项研究：其中 3 项研究表明，白质异常和 MRI 上的严重异常与运动障碍有关；4 项研究未能证明类似的关系。
DCD 的神经影像学数据稀缺；现有数据表明，多个大脑区域参与了 DCD 的神经病理生理学过程。围产期不良儿童的运动障碍尤其与白质异常和 MRI 上的严重异常有关。我们假设，在一些 DCD 儿童中，神经基础类似于脑瘫。需要更多的神经影像学研究来更好地理解 DCD 的神经相关性。
