University of Leeds, Institute of Psychological Sciences, Leeds LS2 9JT, England, United Kingdom.
University of Leeds, Institute of Psychological Sciences, Leeds LS2 9JT, England, United Kingdom.
Appetite. 2014 Feb;73:189-96. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.10.022. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
Dieters' long term goals to lose weight often fail in the short term due to hedonic temptations. Restrained eating coupled with disinhibition can lead to overconsumption when highly palatable foods are available. In contrast, it is predicted that exposure to diet-congruent food cues remind dieters of their long term diet goals and prompt short term regulation of food intake. To test this prediction, a between-subjects study involving female dieters (n=26) and non-dieters (n=41) was conducted with brief exposure to diet-congruent or neutral non-food images (23ms) before a tempting snack. Subsequent diet-cognitions using a lexical decision task and intake of tempting snacks were measured. Results showed that dieters exposed to diet-congruent images consumed less energy than dieters exposed to control images. In addition, high restrained high disinhibited participants reduced energy intake after exposure to diet-congruent compared to control images. There were no differences in dieters' reaction times to diet words across conditions in the lexical decision task. The results suggest that diet-congruent cues might act as effective reminders to limit intake in those most vulnerable to food temptations. Future research should examine the efficacy of such cues for longer term weight control.
节食者长期减肥的目标往往会因为享乐诱惑而在短期内失败。在有高可口性食物时，限制饮食加上去抑制作用可能会导致过度摄入。相比之下，据预测，接触与饮食一致的食物线索会提醒节食者长期的饮食目标，并促使他们短期调节食物摄入量。为了验证这一预测，一项涉及女性节食者（n=26）和非节食者（n=41）的被试间研究，在诱人的零食前短暂暴露于与饮食一致或中性的非食物图像（23ms）。随后通过词汇判断任务测量节食者的饮食认知，并测量诱人零食的摄入量。结果表明，与暴露于对照图像的节食者相比，暴露于与饮食一致的图像的节食者摄入的能量较少。此外，高抑制高去抑制的参与者在暴露于与饮食一致的图像后，摄入的能量比对照图像少。在词汇判断任务中，节食者对饮食词汇的反应时间在不同条件下没有差异。研究结果表明，与饮食一致的线索可能是一种有效的提醒，有助于限制那些最容易受到食物诱惑的人的摄入量。未来的研究应该检验这些线索对长期体重控制的效果。
