Naghavi-Behzad Mohammad, Alizadeh Mahasti, Azami Saber, Foroughifar Shirin, Ghasempour-Dabbaghi Khazar, Karzad Nazila, Ahadi Hamid-Reza, Naghavi-Behzad Ali
Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2013;5(1):5-9. doi: 10.5681/jcvtr.2013.002. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
Congenital heart diseases are of immense importance and also a high prevalence. Contributing factors to developing these defects have not been abundantly studied. Therefore, the current study was conducted aiming at determining the effective factors on Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) in newborn infants of Northwest Iran.
A case-control study was carried out in North-West of Iran from 2002 to 2012 and a total of 473 infants entered the study. Required data were obtained through check lists completed by the information of hospital records and interview with mothers of 267 newborn infants with CHD together with medical records of mothers as the case group, and 206 medical records of healthy infants at the same period all together with those of their mothers as the control group. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, T-test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and Multi-variable Logistic Regression Model (OR with 95% CI), using SPSS.19. In the present study, P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Based on the results of univariable analyses, the number of previous cesarean sections, past medical history of diseases, gestational age (GA), fetal weight at birth, diastolic blood pressure, fetal heart rate, pulse rate, fetal hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, and fetal head circumference at birth have significant relationship with incidence of congenital abnormalities (P<0.05). Family history, past cesarean sections history, past medical history and GA had significant relationship with CHD incidence.
Based on the results of present study, in order to control and reduce the cases of CHD, it is crucial to make proper decisions and implement policies for reducing cesarean cases, lowering consanguineous marriages, providing proper pre-marriage counseling, prompt treatment of mothers' illnesses, improving pregnancy health care and mothers' health status for the purpose of better well-being of newborn infants.
先天性心脏病极为重要且发病率很高。导致这些缺陷的促成因素尚未得到充分研究。因此，开展了本研究，旨在确定伊朗西北部新生儿先天性心脏病（CHD）的影响因素。
2002年至2012年在伊朗西北部进行了一项病例对照研究，共有473名婴儿参与研究。所需数据通过检查表获取，该检查表由医院记录信息填写，并对267名患有先天性心脏病的新生儿母亲进行访谈，同时将母亲的病历作为病例组，以及206名同期健康婴儿及其母亲的病历作为对照组。使用SPSS.19软件，采用描述性统计方法、T检验、Spearman相关系数和多变量逻辑回归模型（OR及95%置信区间）对所得数据进行统计分析。在本研究中，P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
基于单变量分析结果，既往剖宫产次数、既往疾病史、孕周（GA）、出生时胎儿体重、舒张压、胎儿心率、脉搏率、胎儿血红蛋白和血细胞比容水平以及出生时胎儿头围与先天性异常的发生率有显著关系（P<0.05）。家族史、既往剖宫产史、既往疾病史和孕周与先天性心脏病的发生率有显著关系。
基于本研究结果，为了控制和减少先天性心脏病病例，做出适当决策并实施相关政策至关重要，这些政策包括减少剖宫产病例、降低近亲结婚率、提供适当的婚前咨询、及时治疗母亲的疾病、改善孕期保健和母亲的健康状况，以促进新生儿的更好健康。
