Riordan Jesse D, Dupuy Adam J
Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology; Roy J. & Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine; University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA USA.
Mob Genet Elements. 2013 Sep 1;3(5):e26693. doi: 10.4161/mge.26693. Epub 2013 Oct 14.
The adaptation of transposable elements inserted within the genome to serve novel functions in a host cell, a process known as molecular domestication, is a widespread phenomenon in nature. Around fifty protein-coding genes in humans have arisen through this mechanism. Functional characterization of these domesticated genes has revealed involvement in a multitude of diverse cellular processes. Some of these functions are related to cellular activities and pathways known to be involved in cancer development. In this mini-review we discuss such roles of domesticated genes that may be aberrantly regulated in human cancer, as well as studies that have identified disrupted expression in tumors. We also describe studies that have provided definitive experimental evidence for transposable element-derived gene products in promoting tumorigenesis.
插入基因组中的转座元件适应在宿主细胞中发挥新功能的过程，即所谓的分子驯化，是自然界中一种普遍现象。人类中约有50个蛋白质编码基因是通过这种机制产生的。对这些驯化基因的功能表征揭示了它们参与了多种不同的细胞过程。其中一些功能与已知参与癌症发展的细胞活动和途径有关。在这篇小型综述中，我们讨论了在人类癌症中可能受到异常调控的驯化基因的此类作用，以及那些已确定肿瘤中表达失调的研究。我们还描述了为转座元件衍生的基因产物促进肿瘤发生提供确凿实验证据的研究。
