Christensen Krista L Y, Lorber Matthew, Ye Xiaoyun, Calafat Antonia M
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2015 May;25(3):240-8. doi: 10.1038/jes.2013.81. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the manufacture of a range of consumer products, and human biomonitoring studies suggest that exposure to BPA is nearly ubiquitous. We constructed and calibrated a simple pharmacokinetic model to predict urinary concentrations of BPA based on a known initial dose. This descriptive (rather than physiologically based) model has three compartments: "stomach/liver," "blood," and "bladder." We calibrated and validated the model parameters using blood and urine measurements from nine volunteers who consumed 5 mg of d₁₆-BPA. We then applied the model to a second group of eight persons, who supplied full volumes of urine over 7 consecutive days and a diary identifying times and types of food and beverage consumed, to "reconstruct" the time and mass of BPA intakes. These reconstructed daily intakes ranged on average from 60 to 100 ng/kg-day, within the range of, but slightly higher than, those surmised from other studies. About two-thirds of intakes occurred within an hour of reported food or drink consumption, supporting the hypothesis that diet is the main pathway of exposure to BPA. However, one-third of all reconstructed intakes took place outside this time window, suggesting that other sources of BPA exposure may also be relevant.
双酚A（BPA）被用于制造一系列消费品，人体生物监测研究表明，接触双酚A的情况几乎无处不在。我们构建并校准了一个简单的药代动力学模型，以根据已知的初始剂量预测尿液中双酚A的浓度。这个描述性（而非基于生理学的）模型有三个隔室：“胃/肝脏”、“血液”和“膀胱”。我们使用来自九名服用5毫克d₁₆-BPA的志愿者的血液和尿液测量值对模型参数进行了校准和验证。然后，我们将该模型应用于另一组八个人，他们连续7天提供了全部尿液量，并提供了一份记录食用食物和饮料的时间及类型的日记，以“重建”双酚A摄入的时间和量。这些重建的每日摄入量平均在60至100纳克/千克·天之间，处于其他研究推测的范围内，但略高于该范围。约三分之二的摄入量发生在报告的食物或饮料消费后一小时内，这支持了饮食是接触双酚A的主要途径这一假设。然而，所有重建摄入量的三分之一发生在这个时间窗口之外，这表明双酚A暴露的其他来源可能也很重要。
