Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center/The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, 44691, Wooster, Ohio.
J Chem Ecol. 1992 Sep;18(9):1623-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00993234.
Ceratocystis fagacearum (Bretz) Hunt is the causative agent of oak wilt disease, which is transmitted primarily by nitidulid beetles. This fungus was compared with four non-insect-dependent fungi for their volatile profiles using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and for their attractiveness to nitidulids using a wind-tunnel bioassay. The four additional fungi includedXerula radicata Sing,Pluteus atricapillus Kumm,Tyromyces chioneus Karst, andBotrytis cinerea. Nitidulids have been reported in association with each of these fungi, but unlikeC. fagacearum, they are dispersed primarily by wind or rain. Significant attraction of three nitidulid species,Carpophilus hemipterus (Linne),C. lugubris Murray, andStelidota geminata (Say) was elicited byC. fagacearum and to a lesser extent byX. radicata, but not by the others. A comparison of headspace volatile profiles showed that the odor ofC. fagacearum was the strongest, both with regard to the number of components and in their rates of production. Chemical characterization of the headspace profile ofC. fagacearum revealed 16 components: one aldehyde, one ketone, five alcohols, and nine esters. These components were all common fruit-odor constituents and many of them were previously shown to be attractive to nitidulid beetles. The results of this study suggest that, by mimicking food odors,C. fagacearum odor is an adaptation for attracting nitidulid and possibly other insect vectors.
栓皮栎枯萎病菌（Ceratocystis fagacearum）（Bretz）Hunt 是栎枯萎病的病原体，主要通过丽金龟传播。本研究使用气相色谱和质谱联用（GC-MS）比较了该真菌与四种非昆虫依赖真菌的挥发物图谱，并通过风洞生物测定比较了它们对丽金龟的吸引力。另外四种真菌包括栓皮栎生柱顶孢（Xerula radicata Sing）、糙皮侧耳（Pluteus atricapillus Kumm）、乳菇（Tyromyces chioneus Karst）和灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）。这些真菌都与丽金龟有关联，但与栓皮栎枯萎病菌不同的是，它们主要通过风和雨传播。三种丽金龟种，半翅目隐翅虫（Carpophilus hemipterus（Linne））、褐胫丽金龟（C. lugubris Murray）和双齿多刺甲（Stelidota geminata（Say））被栓皮栎枯萎病菌和栓皮栎生柱顶孢强烈吸引，而对其他两种真菌的吸引力则较小。顶空挥发物图谱的比较表明，栓皮栎枯萎病菌的气味最强，无论是在成分数量还是在产生速度方面都是如此。栓皮栎枯萎病菌顶空图谱的化学特征表明，有 16 种成分：一种醛、一种酮、五种醇和九种酯。这些成分都是常见的水果气味成分，其中许多成分以前被证明对丽金龟有吸引力。本研究结果表明，栓皮栎枯萎病菌通过模拟食物气味，其气味可能是吸引丽金龟和可能其他昆虫媒介的一种适应。
