非肥胖男性和女性的能量需求：CALERIE 的结果。
Energy requirements in nonobese men and women: results from CALERIE.
机构信息
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (LMR, CKM, and ER); the Duke Clinical Research Institute and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (WEK and MB); the USDA Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (SKD and SB Roberts); the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (SB Racette and LF); the Department of Medicine, Salerno University Medical School, Salerno, Italy (LF); CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy (LF); and the USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (WWW).
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jan;99(1):71-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.065631. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
BACKGROUND
The energy intake necessary to maintain weight and body composition is called the energy requirement for weight maintenance and can be determined by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to determine the energy requirements of nonobese men and women in the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy 2 study.
DESIGN
Energy requirements were determined for 217 healthy, weight-stable men and women [aged >21 to <50 y; 70% female, 77% white; body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) 22 to <28; 52% overweight] over 28 d with 2 consecutive 14-d DLW assessments in addition to serial measures of body weight and fat-free mass and fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Energy intake and physical activity were also estimated by self-report over ≥6 consecutive d in each DLW period.
RESULTS
Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was consistent between the 2 DLW studies (TDEE1: 2422 ± 404 kcal/d; TDEE2: 2465 ± 408 kcal/d; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.90) with a mean TDEE of 2443 ± 397 kcal/d that was, on average, 20% (580 kcal/d) higher in men than in women (P < 0.0001). The regression equation relating mean TDEE to demographics and weight was as follows: TDEE (kcal/d) = 1279 + 18.3 (weight, kg) + 2.3 (age, y) - 338 (sex: 1 = female, 0 = male); R(2) = 0.57. When body composition was included, TDEE (kcal/d) = 454 + 38.7 (fat-free mass, kg) - 5.4 (fat mass, kg) + 4.7 (age in y) + 103 (sex: 1 = female, 0 = male); R(2) = 0.65. Individuals significantly underreported energy intake (350 kcal/d; 15%), and underreporting by overweight individuals (400 kcal/d; 16%) was greater (P < 0.001) than that of normal-weight individuals (270 kcal/d; 12%). Estimates of TDEE from a 7-d physical activity recall and measured resting metabolic rate also suggested that individuals significantly underreported physical activity (~400 kcal/d; 17%; P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
These new equations derived over 1 mo during weight stability can be used to estimate the free-living caloric requirements of nonobese adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00427193.
背景
维持体重和身体成分所需的能量摄入量称为体重维持的能量需求，可通过使用双标记水（DLW）方法来确定。
目的
本研究旨在确定综合评估长期减少能量摄入 2 研究中非肥胖男性和女性的能量需求。
设计
对 217 名健康、体重稳定的男性和女性（年龄＞21 至＜50 岁；70%为女性，77%为白人；体重指数（BMI；kg/m²）22 至＜28；52%超重）进行了 28 天的研究，在连续 2 次 14 天的 DLW 评估中，对体重和去脂体重及体脂量进行了连续测量，采用双能 X 线吸收法进行测量。在每个 DLW 期间，通过自我报告还连续≥6 天估计了能量摄入和身体活动。
结果
两次 DLW 研究中的总每日能量消耗（TDEE）一致（TDEE1：2422±404 kcal/d；TDEE2：2465±408 kcal/d；组内相关系数=0.90），平均 TDEE 为 2443±397 kcal/d，男性平均比女性高 20%（580 kcal/d）（P＜0.0001）。将平均 TDEE 与人口统计学和体重相关联的回归方程如下：TDEE（kcal/d）=1279+18.3（体重，kg）+2.3（年龄，y）-338（性别：1=女性，0=男性）；R²=0.57。当包含身体成分时，TDEE（kcal/d）=454+38.7（去脂体重，kg）-5.4（体脂量，kg）+4.7（年龄，y）+103（性别：1=女性，0=男性）；R²=0.65。个体明显低报了能量摄入（350 kcal/d；15%），超重个体（400 kcal/d；16%）的低报程度（P＜0.001）大于正常体重个体（270 kcal/d；12%）。7 天体力活动回忆和测量静息代谢率得出的 TDEE 估计也表明，个体明显低报了体力活动（~400 kcal/d；17%；P＜0.0001）。
结论
这些在 1 个月体重稳定期间得出的新方程可用于估计非肥胖成年人的自由生活热量需求。本试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 注册为 NCT00427193。
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