儿童与父母类属语言中的个体差异。
Individual differences in children's and parents' generic language.
作者信息
Gelman Susan A, Ware Elizabeth A, Kleinberg Felicia, Manczak Erika M, Stilwell Sarah M
机构信息
University of Michigan.
Viterbo University.
出版信息
Child Dev. 2014 May-Jun;85(3):924-940. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12187. Epub 2013 Nov 22.
Generics ("Dogs bark") convey important information about categories and facilitate children's learning. Two studies with parents and their 2- or 4-year-old children (N = 104 dyads) examined whether individual differences in generic language use are as follows: (a) stable over time, contexts, and domains, and (b) linked to conceptual factors. For both children and parents, individual differences in rate of generic production were stable across time, contexts, and domains, and parents' generic usage significantly correlated with that of their own children. Furthermore, parents' essentialist beliefs correlated with their own and their children's rates of generic frequency. These results indicate that generic language use exhibits substantial stability and may reflect individual differences in speakers' conceptual attitudes toward categories.
类属句（如“狗会叫”）传达了有关类别的重要信息，并促进儿童的学习。两项针对父母及其2岁或4岁孩子（共104对亲子）的研究探讨了类属语言使用中的个体差异是否如下：（a）在时间、情境和领域上保持稳定，以及（b）与概念因素相关。对于儿童和父母而言，类属句产出率的个体差异在时间、情境和领域上都是稳定的，并且父母的类属语言使用与他们自己孩子的使用情况显著相关。此外，父母的本质主义信念与他们自己以及孩子的类属句使用频率相关。这些结果表明，类属语言的使用具有显著的稳定性，并且可能反映了说话者对类别的概念态度上的个体差异。
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