a Eastern Michigan University, Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA, and Center on Aging, University of Connecticut , Farmington , Connecticut , USA.
Nutr Cancer. 2014;66(1):68-76. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2014.847964. Epub 2013 Nov 25.
Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors are living longer; however, a common class of drugs, aromatase inhibitors (AI), depletes estrogen levels, promotes bone loss, and heightens fracture risk. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may offset AI effects to bone because of the known effects on cellular processes of bone turnover. Therefore, we hypothesized that 4 g of EPA and DHA daily for 3 mo would decrease bone turnover in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors on AI therapy in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled pilot study that included 38 women. At baseline and 3 mo, serum fatty acids, bone turnover, and inflammatory markers were analyzed. Serum EPA and DHA, total and long-chain (LC) omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased, whereas arachidonic acid, total and LC n-6 PUFA, and the LC n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio decreased compared to placebo (all P < .05). Bone resorption was inhibited in the fish oil responders compared to placebo (P < .05). Inflammatory markers were not altered. This short-term, high-dose fish oil supplementation study's findings demonstrate that fish oil can reduce bone resorption; however, longer-term studies are needed to assess bone density preservation and to explore mechanistic pathways in this population at high risk for bone loss.
绝经后乳腺癌幸存者的寿命延长了；然而，一类常用药物，即芳香化酶抑制剂（AI），会降低雌激素水平，促进骨质流失，并增加骨折风险。二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）可能通过已知的对骨代谢细胞过程的影响来抵消 AI 对骨骼的作用。因此，我们假设在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的初步研究中，每天服用 4 克 EPA 和 DHA 持续 3 个月，会降低接受 AI 治疗的绝经后乳腺癌幸存者的骨转换率。该研究纳入了 38 名女性。在基线和 3 个月时，分析了血清脂肪酸、骨转换和炎症标志物。与安慰剂相比，血清 EPA 和 DHA、总长链（LC）ω（n）-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）增加，而花生四烯酸、总 LC n-6 PUFA 和 LC n-6:n-3 PUFA 比值降低（均 P<.05）。与安慰剂相比，鱼油应答者的骨吸收受到抑制（P<.05）。炎症标志物没有改变。这项短期、高剂量鱼油补充研究的结果表明，鱼油可以减少骨吸收；然而，需要进行更长时间的研究，以评估该人群的骨密度维持情况，并探索该高风险骨质流失人群中的机制途径。
