Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2013 Dec;42(4):729-58. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.09.007. Epub 2013 Nov 7.
Anal fissure is a common anorectal disorder resulting in anal pain and bleeding. Fissures can either heal spontaneously and be classified as acute, or persist for 6 or more weeks and be classified as chronic, ultimately necessitating treatment. Anal stenosis is a challenging problem most commonly resulting from trauma, such as excisional hemorrhoidectomy. This frustrating issue for the patient is equally as challenging to the surgeon. This article reviews these 2 anorectal disorders, covering their etiology, mechanism of disease, diagnosis, and algorithm of management.
肛裂是一种常见的肛门直肠疾病，可导致肛门疼痛和出血。肛裂可自行愈合，分为急性肛裂，或持续 6 周以上，分为慢性肛裂，最终需要治疗。肛门狭窄是一种常见的由创伤引起的棘手问题，如痔切除术。这种令患者感到沮丧的问题同样也令外科医生感到棘手。本文综述了这两种肛门直肠疾病，包括它们的病因、发病机制、诊断和治疗方法。
