University Clinic of Psychosomatic Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Int J Eat Disord. 2014 Apr;47(3):320-4. doi: 10.1002/eat.22232. Epub 2013 Nov 30.
Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of eating disorders (ED) in middle-aged women.
We mailed anonymous questionnaires to 1,500 Austrian women aged 40-60 years, assessing ED (defined by DSM-IV), subthreshold ED, body image, and quality of life. We broadly defined "subthreshold ED" by the presence of either (1) binge eating with loss of control or (2) purging behavior, without requiring any of the other usual DSM-IV criteria for frequency or severity of these symptoms.
Of the 715 (48%) responders, 33 [4.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.3-6.4%] reported symptoms meeting full DSM-IV criteria for an ED [bulimia nervosa = 10; binge eating disorder = 11; eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) = 12]. None displayed anorexia nervosa. Another 34 women (4.8%; CI: 3.4-6.6%) displayed subthreshold ED. These women showed levels of associated psychopathology virtually equal to the women with full-syndrome diagnoses.
ED appear common in middle-aged women, with a preponderance of binge eating disorder and EDNOS diagnoses as compared to the "classical" diagnoses of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Interestingly, middle-aged women with even very broadly defined subthreshold ED showed distress and impairment comparable to women with full-scale ED.
关于中年女性饮食障碍（ED）的患病率和相关因素知之甚少。
我们向 1500 名年龄在 40-60 岁的奥地利女性邮寄了匿名问卷，评估 ED（根据 DSM-IV 定义）、阈下 ED、身体形象和生活质量。我们通过存在以下两种情况之一来广义定义“阈下 ED”：（1）暴食伴失控，或（2）清除行为，而无需这些症状的其他任何 DSM-IV 标准的频率或严重程度。
在 715 名（48%）应答者中，有 33 名[4.6%；95%置信区间（CI）：3.3-6.4%]报告出现符合 ED 全部 DSM-IV 标准的症状[神经性贪食症=10；暴食障碍=11；未另作规定的饮食障碍（EDNOS）=12]。没有出现神经性厌食症。另有 34 名女性（4.8%；CI：3.4-6.6%）出现阈下 ED。这些女性表现出的相关精神病理学水平与具有全谱诊断的女性几乎相同。
ED 在中年女性中似乎很常见，与经典的厌食症和神经性贪食症诊断相比，暴食障碍和 EDNOS 诊断更为常见。有趣的是，即使是具有非常广义的阈下 ED 的中年女性，其痛苦和障碍也与全面 ED 的女性相当。
