Department of Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology & Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba;
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2012 Winter;23(4):e79-92. doi: 10.1155/2012/879141.
The present article addresses the use of antiviral drugs in the management of seasonal influenza illness for the 2012/2013 season. It updates the previous document published in 2011 (1). Noteworthy guidance updates since 2011 include the following: Seasonal influenza in 2012/2013 is predicted to be caused by two human influenza A and one influenza B strain, all of which are anticipated to remain generally susceptible to oseltamivir.The predicted strains are A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) pdm09-like, A/Victoria/361/2011 (H3N2)-like and B/Wisconsin/1/2010-like (Yamagata lineage). All are included in the seasonal influenza vaccine and are susceptible to oseltamivir.Swine-variant H3N2v, which has rarely caused infection in humans exposed to infected swine within the past year in the United States, is susceptible to oseltamivir. It is not included in the current seasonal influenza vaccine.It is still considered that initiation of antiviral therapy more than 36 h to 48 h after onset of symptoms is beneficial in patients hospitalized with complicated influenza and severe illness.Oseltamivir continues to be recommended for the treatment of influenza in pregnant women.The use of antiviral drugs among measures to control outbreaks of influenza in closed facilities such as correctional institutions is now included in the present document.
本文主要介绍了 2012/2013 年度季节性流感疾病的抗病毒药物管理。这是对 2011 年发表的上一篇文件的更新（1）。自 2011 年以来，以下是一些值得注意的指南更新：预计 2012/2013 年度的季节性流感将由两种人类流感 A 和一种 B 株引起，所有这些都预计对奥司他韦保持普遍敏感。预计的菌株为 A/California/7/2009（H1N1）pdm09 样株、A/Victoria/361/2011（H3N2）样株和 B/Wisconsin/1/2010 样株（Yamagata 谱系）。所有这些都包含在季节性流感疫苗中，并且对奥司他韦敏感。在美国，过去一年中接触感染猪的人群中很少发生感染的猪源 H3N2v 对奥司他韦敏感。它不包含在当前的季节性流感疫苗中。仍认为，在出现症状后 36 至 48 小时以上开始抗病毒治疗对住院治疗的复杂流感和严重疾病患者有益。奥司他韦仍被推荐用于治疗孕妇的流感。在监狱等封闭设施中控制流感爆发的措施中使用抗病毒药物，现在包含在本文件中。
