State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
Epilepsia. 2014 Jan;55(1):3-16. doi: 10.1111/epi.12463. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
Epilepsy is a serious neural disease that affects around 50 million people all over the world. Although for the majority patients with epilepsy, seizures are well controlled by currently available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), there are still >30% of patients suffered from medically refractory epilepsy and approximately 30-40% of all epileptic patients affected by numerous side effects and seizure resistance to the current AEDs. Therefore, many researchers try to develop novel approaches to treat epilepsy, for example, to discover new antiepileptic constituents from herbal medicines. Although there are already several reviews on phytotherapy in epilepsy, most of them placed emphasis on the plant crude extracts or their isolated fractions, not pure active compounds derived from herbal medicines. This article aims to review components in herbal medicines that have shown antiepileptic or anticonvulsant properties.
We searched online databases and identified articles using the preset searching syntax and inclusion criteria. The active medicinal compounds that have shown anticonvulsant or antiepileptic activity were included and classified according to structural types.
We have reviewed herein the active constituents including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and coumarins. The screening models, the seizures-inducing factors and response, the effective dose, the potential mechanisms, as well as the structure-activity relationships in some of these active components have also been discussed.
The in vitro and in vivo experimental data reviewed in this paper would supply the basic science evidence for research and development of novel AEDs from medicinal plants.
癫痫是一种严重的神经疾病，影响着全世界约 5000 万人。尽管对于大多数癫痫患者来说，目前可用的抗癫痫药物（AEDs）可以很好地控制癫痫发作，但仍有超过 30%的患者患有药物难治性癫痫，大约 30-40%的所有癫痫患者受到目前 AEDs 的多种副作用和癫痫发作耐药性的影响。因此，许多研究人员试图开发治疗癫痫的新方法，例如，从草药中发现新的抗癫痫成分。尽管已经有几篇关于癫痫植物疗法的综述，但大多数综述都侧重于植物粗提取物或其分离部分，而不是从草药中提取的纯活性化合物。本文旨在综述具有抗癫痫或抗惊厥作用的草药成分。
我们在线数据库中进行了搜索，并使用预设的搜索语法和纳入标准来识别文章。纳入具有抗惊厥或抗癫痫活性的活性药用化合物，并根据结构类型进行分类。
本文综述了包括生物碱、黄酮类、萜类、皂苷和香豆素在内的活性成分。还讨论了这些活性成分中的一些的筛选模型、致痫因素和反应、有效剂量、潜在机制以及结构-活性关系。
本文综述的体外和体内实验数据将为从药用植物研究和开发新型 AEDs 提供基础科学证据。
