Middlebrooks Paul G, Schall Jeffrey D
Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neurosciencem Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2014 Feb;76(2):353-66. doi: 10.3758/s13414-013-0599-6.
Response inhibition in stop signal tasks has been explained as the outcome of a race between GO and STOP processes (e.g., Logan, 1981). Response choice in two-alternative perceptual categorization tasks has been explained as the outcome of an accumulation of evidence for the alternative responses. To begin unifying these two powerful investigation frameworks, we obtained data from humans and macaque monkeys performing a stop signal task with responses guided by perceptual categorization and variable degrees of difficulty, ranging from low to high accuracy. Comparable results across species reinforced the validity of this animal model. Response times and errors increased with categorization difficulty. The probability of failing to inhibit responses on stop signal trials increased with stop signal delay, and the response times for failed stop signal trials were shorter than those for trials with no stop signal. Thus, the Logan race model could be applied to estimate the duration of the stopping process. We found that the duration of the STOP process did not vary across a wide range of discrimination accuracies. This is consistent with the functional, and possibly mechanistic, independence of choice and inhibition mechanisms.
在停止信号任务中的反应抑制被解释为“执行”和“停止”过程之间竞赛的结果（例如，洛根，1981年）。在二选一感知分类任务中的反应选择被解释为支持备选反应的证据积累的结果。为了开始统一这两个强大的研究框架，我们从人类和猕猴身上获取了数据，它们执行的停止信号任务的反应由感知分类和从低到高不同难度水平（从低到高准确率）引导。跨物种的可比结果强化了这种动物模型的有效性。反应时间和错误随着分类难度的增加而增加。在停止信号试验中未能抑制反应的概率随着停止信号延迟而增加，并且停止信号试验失败时的反应时间比没有停止信号的试验要短。因此，洛根竞赛模型可以用于估计停止过程的持续时间。我们发现，在广泛的辨别准确率范围内，“停止”过程的持续时间没有变化。这与选择和抑制机制在功能上甚至可能在机制上的独立性是一致的。
