Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, , Taichung, Taiwan.
Arch Dis Child. 2014 Apr;99(4):322-6. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2013-304647. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
In this study, we obtained relevant data from a nationwide cohort database to investigate the risk of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with a history of febrile seizures (FS).
We identified 1081 children with FS as the case cohort, and the date of diagnosis was used as an index date. Four controls were matched randomly with each case based on age, sex, urbanisation level, parents' occupation, and index date. We applied Cox's proportional hazards regression to estimate the HR and CI of FS-associated ADHD.
After 11 years of follow-up, the incidence of ADHD for the FS and control cohorts is 7.83 and 4.72 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The FS cohort was 1.66 times more at risk of ADHD occurrence (95% CI 1.27 to 2.18) than the control cohort. The risk of developing ADHD increased in conjunction with the frequency of FS-related visits.
FS may increase the risk of subsequent ADHD occurrence in children. Children who visited physicians for FS more than twice had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of ADHD.
本研究从全国性队列数据库中获取相关数据，以调查有热性惊厥（FS）病史的儿童患注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的风险。
我们确定了 1081 名 FS 患儿作为病例队列，以诊断日期为索引日期。每个病例随机匹配 4 名对照，匹配因素包括年龄、性别、城市化水平、父母职业和索引日期。我们采用 Cox 比例风险回归估计 FS 相关 ADHD 的 HR 和 CI。
经过 11 年的随访，FS 队列和对照组的 ADHD 发生率分别为每 1000 人年 7.83 和 4.72。FS 队列发生 ADHD 的风险是对照组的 1.66 倍（95%CI 1.27 至 2.18）。ADHD 的发病风险随 FS 相关就诊次数的增加而增加。
FS 可能增加儿童随后发生 ADHD 的风险。因 FS 就诊次数超过两次的儿童 ADHD 的累积发生率显著更高。
