Rajko-Nenow P, Keaveney S, Flannery J, McINTYRE A, Doré W
Marine Institute,Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway,Ireland.
Epidemiol Infect. 2014 Oct;142(10):2096-104. doi: 10.1017/S0950268813003014. Epub 2013 Dec 5.
We investigated norovirus (NoV) concentrations and genotypes in oyster and faecal samples associated with two separate oyster-related outbreaks of gastroenteritis in Ireland. Quantitative analysis was performed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis was conducted to establish the NoV genotypes present. For both outbreaks, the NoV concentration in oysters was >1000 genome copies/g digestive tissue and multiple genotypes were identified. In faecal samples, GII.13 was the only genotype detected for outbreak 1, whereas multiple genotypes were detected in outbreak 2 following the application of cloning procedures. While various genotypes were identified in oyster samples, not all were successful in causing infection in consumers. In outbreak 2 NoV GII.1 was identified in all four faecal samples analysed and NoV GII concentrations in faecal samples were >108 copies/g. This study demonstrates that a range of NoV genotypes can be present in highly contaminated oysters responsible for gastroenteritis outbreaks.
我们调查了与爱尔兰两起独立的与牡蛎相关的肠胃炎暴发事件相关的牡蛎和粪便样本中的诺如病毒（NoV）浓度及基因型。采用实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应进行定量分析，并开展系统发育分析以确定存在的NoV基因型。在这两起暴发事件中，牡蛎中的NoV浓度均>1000基因组拷贝/克消化组织，且鉴定出多种基因型。在粪便样本中，GII.13是暴发1中检测到的唯一基因型，而在暴发2中，应用克隆程序后检测到多种基因型。虽然在牡蛎样本中鉴定出了多种基因型，但并非所有基因型都能成功感染消费者。在暴发2中，在所有4份分析的粪便样本中均鉴定出NoV GII.1，且粪便样本中的NoV GII浓度>108拷贝/克。本研究表明，一系列NoV基因型可能存在于导致肠胃炎暴发的高度污染的牡蛎中。
