State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, Harbin, China.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 May;78(9):3400-6. doi: 10.1128/AEM.07569-11. Epub 2012 Feb 24.
The concentrations of Escherichia coli, F-specific RNA bacteriophage (FRNA bacteriophage), and norovirus genogroup I (NoV GI) and norovirus genogroup II (NoV GII) in wastewater were monitored weekly over a 1-year period at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) providing secondary wastewater treatment. A total of 49 samples of influent wastewater and wastewater that had been treated by primary and secondary wastewater treatment processes (primary and secondary treated wastewater) were analyzed. Using a real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), the mean NoV GI and NoV GII concentrations detected in effluent wastewater were 2.53 and 2.63 log(10) virus genome copies 100 ml(-1), respectively. The mean NoV concentrations in wastewater during the winter period (January to March) (n = 12) were 0.82 (NoV GI) and 1.41 (NoV GII) log units greater than the mean concentrations for the rest of the year (n = 37). The mean reductions of NoV GI and GII during treatment were 0.80 and 0.92 log units, respectively, with no significant difference detected in the extent of NoV reductions due to season. No seasonal trend was detected in the concentrations of E. coli or FRNA bacteriophage in wastewater influent and showed mean reductions of 1.49 and 2.13 log units, respectively. Mean concentrations of 3.56 and 3.72 log(10) virus genome copies 100 ml(-1) for NoV GI and GII, respectively, were detected in oysters sampled adjacent to the WWTP discharge. A strong seasonal trend was observed, and the concentrations of NoV GI and GII detected in oysters were correlated with concentrations detected in the wastewater effluent. No seasonal difference was detected in concentrations of E. coli or FRNA bacteriophage detected in oysters.
在一个提供二级污水处理的污水处理厂，每周监测大肠杆菌、F 型 RNA 噬菌体（FRNA 噬菌体）和诺如病毒基因组 I 型（NoV GI）和诺如病毒基因组 II 型（NoV GII）在废水中的浓度，为期一年。共分析了 49 份进水和经过一级和二级污水处理工艺处理的废水（一级和二级处理废水）。使用实时逆转录定量 PCR（RT-qPCR），在出水中检测到的平均 NoV GI 和 NoV GII 浓度分别为 2.53 和 2.63 log(10)病毒基因组拷贝 100 ml(-1)。冬季（1 月至 3 月）废水（n = 12）中 NoV 的平均浓度比一年中其他时间（n = 37）的平均浓度高 0.82（NoV GI）和 1.41（NoV GII）对数单位。NoV GI 和 GII 在处理过程中的平均减少量分别为 0.80 和 0.92 log 单位，由于季节导致的 NoV 减少量没有显着差异。在废水进水和废水进水大肠杆菌或 FRNA 噬菌体浓度中未发现季节性趋势，分别表现出 1.49 和 2.13 log 单位的平均减少量。在 WWTP 排放口附近采样的牡蛎中，分别检测到 NoV GI 和 GII 的平均浓度为 3.56 和 3.72 log(10)病毒基因组拷贝 100 ml(-1)。观察到强季节性趋势，并且在牡蛎中检测到的 NoV GI 和 GII 的浓度与在废水流出物中检测到的浓度相关。在牡蛎中检测到的大肠杆菌或 FRNA 噬菌体浓度未检测到季节性差异。
