住宅环境中 50Hz 磁场暴露与流产风险的关联：一项为期 2 年的前瞻性队列研究。
Residential exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and the association with miscarriage risk: a 2-year prospective cohort study.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 3;8(12):e82113. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082113. eCollection 2013.
OBJECTIVE
The hypothesis of whether exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) may increase miscarriage risk is controversial. A 2-year prospective cohort study was designed to study the association between exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields (MF) and the miscarriage risk for women residing in the area of the Pearl-River Delta of China.
METHOD
Two towns with densely distributed power supply constructions were selected as the study sites. From 2010 to 2012, 552 women in the region who were at approximately 8 weeks of gestation or who planned to have a baby within 1 year were selected as candidate subjects. Exposure to MF was estimated by measurements at their front doors and in the alley in front of the subjects' houses. The average exposure level was used as a cutoff point to define the exposed group. Clinical miscarriage was diagnosed by local obstetricians. Staffs from the local population and family planning service stations were responsible for the follow-up interviews every 2 months.
RESULTS
Four hundred and thirteen pregnant women were selected for the cohort study. The average residential exposure to MF was 0.099 µT. No significantly increased risk of miscarriage was found to be associated with the average front-door exposure (p>0.05). However, miscarriage risk was found to be significantly associated with maximum alley exposure (p=0.001). The relative risk (RR) of miscarriage from maximum alley exposure was 2.35 (95% C.I.: 1.18-4.71). In addition, Cox regression analysis showed that the adjusted hazard ratio of maximum alley exposure for miscarriage was 1.72 (95% C.I.:1.10-2.69).
CONCLUSION
Although the miscarriage incidence was shown to be positively associated with the maximum alley MF exposure, the association between miscarriage risk and the exposure to MF was not confirmed in the study. The results of this study are of interest concerning MF exposure assessment and pregnancy outcomes.
目的
关于接触极低频磁场（ELF-MF）是否会增加流产风险的假设仍存在争议。本研究旨在设计一项为期 2 年的前瞻性队列研究，以探讨中国珠江三角洲地区女性暴露于 50Hz 磁场（MF）与流产风险之间的关系。
方法
选择两个电力设施密集的城镇作为研究地点。从 2010 年到 2012 年，选择该地区约 8 周妊娠或计划在 1 年内生育的 552 名女性作为候选对象。通过测量其前门和房屋前巷的磁场来估计 MF 暴露。以平均暴露水平作为截断点来定义暴露组。临床流产由当地妇产科医生诊断。当地人口和计划生育服务站的工作人员负责每 2 个月进行一次随访访谈。
结果
有 413 名孕妇被纳入队列研究。住宅平均 MF 暴露为 0.099µT。前门平均暴露与流产风险无显著相关性（p＞0.05）。然而，最大巷内暴露与流产风险显著相关（p=0.001）。最大巷内暴露导致流产的相对风险（RR）为 2.35（95%CI：1.18-4.71）。此外，Cox 回归分析表明，最大巷内暴露与流产的调整后危害比为 1.72（95%CI：1.10-2.69）。
结论
尽管最大巷内 MF 暴露与流产发生率呈正相关，但本研究并未证实流产风险与 MF 暴露之间的关联。该研究结果对 MF 暴露评估和妊娠结局具有重要意义。
Zotero 插件