Dermatology Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; School of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Clin Dermatol. 2014 Jan-Feb;32(1):131-40. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.035.
Physicians in various specialties-and dermatologists in particular-frequently encounter various forms of inflammation of the eyelids and of the anterior surface of the eye. Distinguishing the cause of itchy, painful, red, edematous eyelids is often difficult. Because the uppermost layer of the eyelids is part of the skin that wraps the entire body, almost every skin disease in the textbook can affect the periorbital area as well. In this contribution, we focused on the most common such disorders that require special consideration, as a result of their special appearance, their challenging diagnosis, or the nature of their treatment. We reviewed the key features of several common dermatides that affect the eyelids, such as atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, airborne contact dermatitis, rosacea, psoriasis, and others. We focused on the special clinical features, causes, and treatments specific to the delicate skin of the eyelids. Because structures of the eye itself (i.e., the conjunctiva, the cornea, the lens, and the retina) may be involved in some of the discussed periorbital skin diseases, we found it useful to add a brief summary of the eyelid complications of those diseases. We then briefly reviewed some acute sight-threatening and even life-threatening infections of the eyelids, although dermatologists are not likely to be the primary care physicians responsible for treating them.
皮肤科医生，尤其是各专业领域的皮肤科医生，经常会遇到各种眼睑和眼前部炎症。鉴别瘙痒、疼痛、红肿和水肿的病因通常很困难。由于眼睑的最上层是包裹全身的皮肤的一部分，因此教科书上几乎每一种皮肤病都可能影响眼眶周围区域。在本研究中，我们重点介绍了一些最常见的需要特殊考虑的疾病，这些疾病的特殊表现、诊断困难或治疗方式决定了它们需要特殊考虑。我们回顾了几种常见影响眼睑的皮肤病，如特应性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、过敏性接触性皮炎、空气传播接触性皮炎、酒渣鼻、银屑病等的关键特征。我们重点关注了特定于眼睑娇嫩皮肤的特殊临床特征、病因和治疗方法。由于某些讨论的眼眶周围皮肤疾病可能涉及眼睛本身的结构（即结膜、角膜、晶状体和视网膜），我们发现简要总结这些疾病的眼睑并发症很有用。然后我们简要回顾了一些急性威胁视力甚至危及生命的眼睑感染，尽管皮肤科医生不太可能是负责治疗这些疾病的初级保健医生。
