Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia,
J Cell Commun Signal. 2014 Jun;8(2):95-103. doi: 10.1007/s12079-013-0217-3. Epub 2013 Dec 8.
Osteopontin is a multifunctional matricellular protein that is expressed by many cell types. Through cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions the molecule elicits a number of responses from a broad range of target cells via its interaction with integrins and the hyaluronan receptor CD44. In many tissues osteopontin has been found to be involved in important physiological and pathological processes, including tissue repair, inflammation and fibrosis. Post-natal skeletal muscle is a highly differentiated and specialised tissue that retains a remarkable capacity for regeneration following injury. Regeneration of skeletal muscle requires the co-ordinated activity of inflammatory cells that infiltrate injured muscle and are responsible for initiating muscle fibre degeneration and phagocytosis of necrotic tissue, and muscle precursor cells that regenerate the injured muscle fibres. This review focuses on the current evidence that osteopontin plays multiple roles in skeletal muscle, with particular emphasis on its role in regeneration and fibrosis following injury, and in determining the severity of myopathic diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
骨桥蛋白是一种多功能细胞外基质蛋白，许多细胞类型都表达这种蛋白。通过细胞-基质和细胞-细胞相互作用，该分子通过与其整合素和透明质酸受体 CD44 的相互作用，从广泛的靶细胞中引发许多反应。在许多组织中，骨桥蛋白被发现参与了重要的生理和病理过程，包括组织修复、炎症和纤维化。出生后的骨骼肌是一种高度分化和特化的组织，在受伤后仍然具有显著的再生能力。骨骼肌的再生需要浸润受伤肌肉的炎症细胞的协调活动，这些细胞负责启动肌肉纤维退化和坏死组织的吞噬作用，以及肌肉前体细胞再生受伤的肌肉纤维。这篇综述重点介绍了骨桥蛋白在骨骼肌中发挥多种作用的现有证据，特别强调了其在损伤后的再生和纤维化以及确定肌病如杜氏肌营养不良症的严重程度中的作用。
