Han Daikwon, Gorman Dennis M
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2014 Mar;33(2):152-60. doi: 10.1111/dar.12096. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
To examine the socio-spatial patterning of off-sale and on-sale alcohol outlets following a policy change that ended prohibition of off-sale outlets in Lubbock, Texas.
The spatial patterning of alcohol outlets by licensing type was examined using the k-function difference (D statistic) to compare the relative degree of spatial aggregation of the two types of alcohol outlets and by the spatial scan statistic to identify statistically significant geographic clusters of outlets. The sociodemographic characteristics of the areas containing clusters of outlets were compared with the rest of the city. In addition, the socioeconomic characteristics of census block groups with and without existing on-sale outlets were compared, as were the socioeconomic characteristics of census block groups with and without the newly issued off-sale licenses.
The existing on-sale premises in Lubbock and the newly established off-sale premises introduced as a result of the 2009 policy change displayed different spatial patterns, with the latter being more spatially dispersed. A large cluster of on-sale outlets identified in the north-east of the city was located in a socially and economically disadvantaged area of the city.
The findings support the view that it is important to understand the local context of deprivation within a city when examining the location of alcohol outlets and add to the existing research by drawing attention to the importance of geographic scale in assessing such relationships.
在德克萨斯州拉伯克市结束禁止非售酒场所的政策变化之后，研究非售酒和售酒酒精销售点的社会空间格局。
通过k函数差异（D统计量）来研究按许可类型划分的酒精销售点的空间格局，以比较两类酒精销售点的相对空间聚集程度，并通过空间扫描统计量来识别销售点具有统计学意义的地理集群。将含有销售点集群的区域的社会人口特征与城市其他区域进行比较。此外，还比较了有和没有现有售酒场所的普查街区组的社会经济特征，以及有和没有新发放非售酒许可证的普查街区组的社会经济特征。
拉伯克市现有的售酒场所和因2009年政策变化而新设立的非售酒场所呈现出不同的空间格局，后者在空间上更为分散。在城市东北部发现的一大群售酒场所位于该市社会和经济条件不利的区域。
研究结果支持这样一种观点，即在研究酒精销售点的位置时，了解城市内部贫困的当地背景非常重要，并通过提请注意地理尺度在评估此类关系中的重要性，为现有研究增添了内容。
