Community Guide Branch of the National Center for Health Marketing, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2009 Dec;37(6):556-69. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.028.
The density of alcohol outlets in communities may be regulated to reduce excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. Studies directly assessing the control of outlet density as a means of controlling excessive alcohol consumption and related harms do not exist, but assessments of related phenomena are indicative. To assess the effects of outlet density on alcohol-related harms, primary evidence was used from interrupted time-series studies of outlet density; studies of the privatization of alcohol sales, alcohol bans, and changes in license arrangements-all of which affected outlet density. Most of the studies included in this review found that greater outlet density is associated with increased alcohol consumption and related harms, including medical harms, injury, crime, and violence. Primary evidence was supported by secondary evidence from correlational studies. The regulation of alcohol outlet density may be a useful public health tool for the reduction of excessive alcohol consumption and related harms.
社区内的酒精销售点密度可以加以控制，以减少过度饮酒和相关危害。目前尚无研究直接评估销售点密度控制作为控制过度饮酒和相关危害的手段，但相关现象的评估具有一定的指示性。为了评估销售点密度对酒精相关危害的影响，主要证据来自对销售点密度的中断时间序列研究；对酒精销售私有化、禁酒令和许可证安排变更的研究——所有这些都影响了销售点密度。本综述中纳入的大多数研究发现，销售点密度越高，与饮酒量增加和相关危害（包括医疗危害、伤害、犯罪和暴力）有关。主要证据得到了来自相关性研究的次要证据的支持。控制酒精销售点密度可能是减少过度饮酒和相关危害的一种有用的公共卫生工具。
