Ostrovidov Serge, Hosseini Vahid, Ahadian Samad, Fujie Toshinori, Parthiban Selvakumar Prakash, Ramalingam Murugan, Bae Hojae, Kaji Hirokazu, Khademhosseini Ali
1 WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan .
Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2014 Oct;20(5):403-36. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2013.0534. Epub 2014 Feb 24.
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) aims to repair or regenerate defective skeletal muscle tissue lost by traumatic injury, tumor ablation, or muscular disease. However, two decades after the introduction of SMTE, the engineering of functional skeletal muscle in the laboratory still remains a great challenge, and numerous techniques for growing functional muscle tissues are constantly being developed. This article reviews the recent findings regarding the methodology and various technical aspects of SMTE, including cell alignment and differentiation. We describe the structure and organization of muscle and discuss the methods for myoblast alignment cultured in vitro. To better understand muscle formation and to enhance the engineering of skeletal muscle, we also address the molecular basics of myogenesis and discuss different methods to induce myoblast differentiation into myotubes. We then provide an overview of different coculture systems involving skeletal muscle cells, and highlight major applications of engineered skeletal muscle tissues. Finally, potential challenges and future research directions for SMTE are outlined.
骨骼肌组织工程（SMTE）旨在修复或再生因创伤性损伤、肿瘤切除或肌肉疾病而丧失的有缺陷的骨骼肌组织。然而，在引入SMTE二十年之后，在实验室中构建功能性骨骼肌仍然是一项巨大的挑战，并且不断有多种用于培养功能性肌肉组织的技术被开发出来。本文综述了关于SMTE的方法和各个技术方面的最新研究成果，包括细胞排列和分化。我们描述了肌肉的结构和组织，并讨论了体外培养成肌细胞排列的方法。为了更好地理解肌肉形成并加强骨骼肌工程，我们还阐述了肌生成的分子基础，并讨论了诱导成肌细胞分化为肌管的不同方法。然后，我们概述了涉及骨骼肌细胞的不同共培养系统，并强调了工程化骨骼肌组织的主要应用。最后，概述了SMTE的潜在挑战和未来研究方向。
