Boot Cécile R L, Deeg Dorly J H, Abma Tineke, Rijs Kelly J, van der Pas Suzan, van Tilburg Theo G, van der Beek Allard J
Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
J Occup Rehabil. 2014 Sep;24(3):563-72. doi: 10.1007/s10926-013-9489-y.
As the prevalence of chronic disease amongst older workers is high and increasing, it is important to know if the large subgroup of older workers with chronic disease has specific needs when it comes to prolonging participation in paid work.
To investigate differences and similarities in predictors of having paid work in workers aged 55+ with and without chronic disease.
Workers aged 55-62 years were selected from the 2002-2003 cohort of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (n = 333). Potential predictors were: health, personality, work characteristics, and demographics. Per potential predictor, a logistic regression coefficient for 'having paid work in 2005-2006' was calculated for workers with and without chronic disease. A pooled estimate was computed and differences between the pooled estimate and the coefficients were tested. Results Follow-up data were available for 95 %, of whom 67 % still had paid work. Predictors of having paid work were similar for workers with and without chronic diseases, except for physical workload (χ(2) = 5.37; DF = 1) and psychosocial resources at work (χ(2) = 5.94; DF = 1). Having more psychosocial resources (OR = 3.57; 95 %CI 1.33-10.0) was predictive for having paid work in workers with chronic disease and not in workers without chronic disease. Lower age, more weekly working hours, no functional limitations, fewer depressive symptoms, lower neuroticism scores, and more sense of mastery were significantly associated with having paid work in all workers.
Differences between predictors of having paid work between workers with and without chronic disease should be taken into account when aiming to prevent exit from the workforce. In particular the vulnerable subgroup of older workers with chronic disease and low psychosocial resources at work is more likely to quit working.
由于老年劳动者中慢性病的患病率很高且呈上升趋势，了解患有慢性病的老年劳动者这一庞大亚群体在延长有偿工作参与时间方面是否有特殊需求非常重要。
调查55岁及以上患有和未患有慢性病的劳动者在从事有偿工作的预测因素方面的异同。
从阿姆斯特丹纵向老龄化研究2002 - 2003队列中选取55 - 62岁的劳动者（n = 333）。潜在预测因素包括：健康状况、性格、工作特征和人口统计学因素。针对每个潜在预测因素，计算患有和未患有慢性病的劳动者在“2005 - 2006年从事有偿工作”方面的逻辑回归系数。计算合并估计值，并检验合并估计值与系数之间的差异。结果95%的人有随访数据，其中67%仍在从事有偿工作。患有和未患有慢性病的劳动者从事有偿工作的预测因素相似，但体力工作量（χ(2)=5.37；自由度 = 1）和工作中的心理社会资源（χ(2)=5.94；自由度 = 1）除外。拥有更多心理社会资源（比值比 = 3.57；95%置信区间1.33 - 10.0）是患有慢性病的劳动者从事有偿工作的预测因素，而未患有慢性病的劳动者则不然。年龄较低、每周工作小时数较多、无功能限制、抑郁症状较少、神经质得分较低以及掌控感较强与所有劳动者从事有偿工作显著相关。
在旨在防止劳动力退出时，应考虑患有和未患有慢性病的劳动者在从事有偿工作的预测因素方面的差异。特别是患有慢性病且工作中心理社会资源较少的老年劳动者这一弱势群体更有可能停止工作。
