Lam Cho Y, Businelle Michael S, Aigner Carrie J, McClure Jennifer B, Cofta-Woerpel Ludmila, Cinciripini Paul M, Wetter David W
Department of Health Disparities Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX;
Nicotine Tob Res. 2014 May;16(5):569-75. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntt190. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
Negative affect, alcohol consumption, and presence of others smoking have consistently been implicated as risk factors for smoking lapse and relapse. What is not known, however, is how these factors work together to affect smoking outcomes. This paper uses ecological momentary assessment (EMA) collected during the first 7 days of a smoking cessation attempt to test the individual and combined effects of high-risk triggers on smoking urge and lapse.
Participants were 300 female smokers who enrolled in a study that tested an individually tailored smoking cessation treatment. Participants completed EMA, which recorded negative affect, alcohol consumption, presence of others smoking, smoking urge, and smoking lapse, for 7 days starting on their quit date.
Alcohol consumption, presence of others smoking, and negative affect were, independently and in combination, associated with increase in smoking urge and lapse. The results also found that the relationship between presence of others smoking and lapse and the relationship between negative affect and lapse were moderated by smoking urge.
The current study found significant individual effects of alcohol consumption, presence of other smoking, and negative affect on smoking urge and lapse. Combing the triggers increased smoking urge and the risk for lapse to varying degrees, and the presence of all 3 triggers resulted in the highest urge and lapse risk.
消极情绪、饮酒以及他人吸烟一直被认为是导致戒烟失败和复吸的风险因素。然而，尚不清楚这些因素如何共同作用来影响吸烟结果。本文利用在戒烟尝试的前7天收集的生态瞬时评估（EMA）来测试高危触发因素对吸烟冲动和戒烟失败的个体及综合影响。
参与者为300名女性吸烟者，她们参加了一项测试个体化戒烟治疗的研究。参与者从戒烟日开始，连续7天完成EMA，记录消极情绪、饮酒、他人吸烟情况、吸烟冲动和戒烟失败情况。
饮酒、他人吸烟以及消极情绪各自及共同作用，均与吸烟冲动和戒烟失败的增加相关。研究结果还发现，他人吸烟与戒烟失败之间的关系以及消极情绪与戒烟失败之间的关系受到吸烟冲动的调节。
当前研究发现，饮酒、他人吸烟以及消极情绪对吸烟冲动和戒烟失败具有显著的个体影响。这些触发因素的组合在不同程度上增加了吸烟冲动和戒烟失败的风险，并且所有这三种触发因素同时存在会导致最高的冲动和失败风险。
