Lopes Albuquerque Carlos Eduardo, Nogueira Arcanjo Francisco Plácido, Cristino-Filho Gerardo, Mont'alverne Lopes-Filho Antônio, Cesar de Almeida Paulo, Prado Roberto, Pereira-Stabile Cecília Luiz
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sobral Hospital, Sobral, Brazil.
Professor, Department of Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Brazil.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Mar;72(3):542-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.10.017. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
Motorcycle crash helmets do not totally prevent head and facial trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate if protection offered by helmets differs according to helmet type.
In this retrospective cohort study, outpatient records of motorcyclists were analyzed for the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), facial fractures, and helmet use. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Fisher and Bonferroni tests, bivariate regression analysis, and 1-way analysis of variance.
There were 253 motorcyclists who sustained craniomaxillofacial injuries and were referred for outpatient treatment (men, 88.9%; mean age, 29.64 ± 11.6 yr); 60.1% had up to 9 years of formal education; 156 patients reported not using crash helmets, 51 were using open-face helmets, and 46 were using full-face helmets. The mean FISS score was significantly higher for unhelmeted riders compared with full-face helmet riders (P = .047), with no difference between unhelmeted riders and open-face helmet users (P = 1.00). Results for TBI were statistically greater for those wearing open-face helmets compared with full-face helmets (P = .035).
In this study, a large percentage of motorcyclists had facial fractures and TBI, and crash helmets did not always offer adequate protection against craniomaxillofacial injury, especially open-face helmets. Thus, further investigation into helmet types and quality of protection offered is recommended.
摩托车头盔不能完全预防头部和面部创伤。本研究的目的是调查不同类型的头盔所提供的保护是否存在差异。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，分析了摩托车骑行者的门诊记录，包括面部损伤严重程度量表（FISS）、创伤性脑损伤（TBI）、面部骨折和头盔使用情况。使用Fisher检验、Bonferroni检验、双变量回归分析和单因素方差分析进行统计分析。
共有253名发生颅颌面损伤并接受门诊治疗的摩托车骑行者（男性占88.9%；平均年龄29.64±11.6岁）；60.1%的人接受过9年以下的正规教育；156名患者报告未使用防撞头盔，51名使用开面头盔，46名使用全脸头盔。未戴头盔的骑行者的平均FISS评分显著高于佩戴全脸头盔的骑行者（P = 0.047），未戴头盔的骑行者与开面头盔使用者之间无差异（P = 1.00）。与全脸头盔使用者相比，佩戴开面头盔的骑行者发生TBI的统计结果更高（P = 0.035）。
在本研究中，很大比例的摩托车骑行者发生了面部骨折和TBI，防撞头盔并不总是能提供足够的保护以防止颅颌面损伤，尤其是开面头盔。因此，建议进一步研究头盔类型及其提供的保护质量。
