Novelli Giorgio, Moretti Mattia, De Ponti Elena, Bozzetti Alberto, Sozzi Davide, Canzi Gabriele
Operative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, ASST Monza - San Gerardo Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery (School of Medicine and Surgery), University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Postgraduate School of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Jul-Dec;11(2):293-297. doi: 10.4103/ams.ams_203_21. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
Motorcycle accidents are one of the most frequent causes of trauma. Safety devices and helmets can influence the severity of injuries. Our retrospective study wants to evaluate the different effectiveness of Open-face and Full-face helmets in the prevention of craniofacial trauma.
The sample consists of 440 patients admitted to two Level I Trauma Centres in Northern Italy, between January 2002 and February 2019, because of motorcycle-related craniofacial trauma. For each patient personal data were collected, as well as type and site of fractures, type of helmet, if worn, Comprehensive Facial Injury (CFI) score and Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS-Head) for head injuries. Inferential statistical analysis was then conducted.
Two hundred and eighty-eight patients wore Open-face helmets (69.7%) and 125 patients wore Full-face ones (30.3%). Mean CFI score (Standard deviation - SD) observed in patients with Open-face helmets was 7.0 (SD: 6.8) and surgery was required in 149 cases (51.7%); while it was 4.9 (SD: 6.0) in patients with Full-face helmets for whom surgery was required in 43 cases (34.4%) ( < 0.0001 and = 0.002, respectively). Multivariate analysis shows that severity of facial trauma is a significant risk factor for head injury severity with OR 1.90 (95% confidence interval: 1.43 - 2.51) and < 0.0001.
Full-face helmets are definitely considered to be more protective for facial trauma, which is also a significant risk factor for the severity of head injuries. The type of helmet chosen influences the need of surgical treatment in case of craniofacial trauma.
摩托车事故是创伤最常见的原因之一。安全装置和头盔会影响受伤的严重程度。我们的回顾性研究旨在评估开放式头盔和全脸式头盔在预防颅面创伤方面的不同效果。
样本包括2002年1月至2019年2月期间因摩托车相关颅面创伤入住意大利北部两家一级创伤中心的440例患者。收集了每位患者的个人数据，以及骨折类型和部位、头盔类型（若佩戴）、综合面部损伤（CFI）评分和头部损伤的简明损伤评分（AIS-Head）。随后进行了推断性统计分析。
288例患者佩戴开放式头盔（69.7%），125例患者佩戴全脸式头盔（30.3%）。佩戴开放式头盔的患者的平均CFI评分（标准差-SD）为7.0（SD：6.8），149例（51.7%）需要手术治疗；而佩戴全脸式头盔的患者的平均CFI评分为4.9（SD：6.0），其中43例（34.4%）需要手术治疗（分别为<0.0001和=0.002）。多变量分析表明，面部创伤的严重程度是头部损伤严重程度的一个重要危险因素，比值比为1.90（95%置信区间：1.43-2.51），<0.0001。
全脸式头盔无疑被认为对面部创伤更具保护作用，而面部创伤也是头部损伤严重程度的一个重要危险因素。在颅面创伤的情况下，选择的头盔类型会影响手术治疗的必要性。
