Makowska Katarzyna, Oleszczuk Sylwia
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870, Blonie, Poland,
Plant Cell Rep. 2014 Mar;33(3):385-92. doi: 10.1007/s00299-013-1543-x. Epub 2013 Dec 11.
Androgenesis is highly useful for plant breeding, significantly reducing breeding cycle times, as well as in a wide range of biological research. However, for widespread use this process must be efficient. Despite several decades of research on the phenomenon of androgenesis, many processes involved are obscure and there is much to be understood about androgenesis. One of the problems inherent in androgenesis, and reducing its efficiency, is albinism. This article reviews albinism in barley anthers and microspores in vitro cultures. Of special interest is the fate of plastids throughout androgenesis, which is important at several levels, including the genes responsible for driving the green-to-albino ratios. We also summarize the external factors that reduce the incidence of albino plants that are regenerated via androgenesis.
孤雄生殖对于植物育种非常有用，可显著缩短育种周期，在广泛的生物学研究中也很有用。然而，要广泛应用，这个过程必须高效。尽管对孤雄生殖现象进行了几十年的研究，但其中涉及的许多过程仍不清楚，关于孤雄生殖仍有许多需要了解的地方。孤雄生殖固有的一个问题并会降低其效率，就是白化现象。本文综述了大麦花药和离体小孢子培养中的白化现象。特别令人感兴趣的是整个孤雄生殖过程中质体的命运，这在几个层面都很重要，包括负责驱动绿苗与白化苗比例的基因。我们还总结了降低通过孤雄生殖再生的白化苗发生率的外部因素。
