Reinhart W H, Chien S
Am J Hematol. 1987 Jan;24(1):1-14. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830240102.
Red cell morphology was studied after the induction of echinocytic transformation by metabolic depletion, Ca2+ loading, and salicylate and stomatocytic transformation with chlorpromazine. The results indicate that the red cell has an energy-dependent shape control mechanism that allows it to counteract shape-changing stimuli such as metabolic depletion. Albumin was found to induce stomatocytic transformation, whereas gamma-globulins induced echinocytic transformation. Loading of the red cell with calcium resulted in polymorphous membrane damages such as submembranous, "blister-like" lesions, and membrane disintegration; the red cell age had no influence on this process. Conversely, the stomatocyte-echinocyte transformation induced by chlorpromazine and salicylate was shifted towards echinocytes in density-separated old red cells. Sphero-stomatocytes were capable of echinocytic transformation with spicule formation within the red cell vacuoles, whereas sphero-echinocytes were unable to undergo stomatocytic transformation without hemolysis. These observations may help to unravel the complexity of echinocyte-stomatocyte transformation of red blood cells.
通过代谢耗竭、钙离子加载、水杨酸盐诱导棘红细胞转化以及用氯丙嗪诱导口形红细胞转化后，对红细胞形态进行了研究。结果表明，红细胞具有一种能量依赖的形状控制机制，使其能够抵消诸如代谢耗竭等形状改变刺激。发现白蛋白可诱导口形红细胞转化，而γ球蛋白可诱导棘红细胞转化。红细胞加载钙离子会导致多形性膜损伤，如膜下“水泡样”病变和膜崩解；红细胞年龄对此过程无影响。相反，在密度分离的衰老红细胞中，氯丙嗪和水杨酸盐诱导的口形红细胞-棘红细胞转化倾向于棘红细胞。球形口形红细胞能够在红细胞液泡内形成刺突进行棘红细胞转化，而球形棘红细胞在不溶血的情况下无法进行口形红细胞转化。这些观察结果可能有助于揭示红细胞棘红细胞-口形红细胞转化的复杂性。
