CIC-PT-9301-Inserm-CH&U of Lille, CHRU de Lille, F-59037 Lille, France.
Service d'épidémiologie régional, CHRU de Lille, F-59037 Lille, France.
Br J Nutr. 2014 Apr 14;111(7):1303-12. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513003796. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
Diet quality is influenced by socio-economic and geographical factors. The present study sought to assess whether adolescents' diet quality is affected by their parents' socio-economic status and whether the relationship between these factors is similar in northern and southern Europe. Data collected in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study in eight European countries were analysed. Dietary intake data were recorded via repeated 24 h recalls (using specifically developed HELENA Dietary Intake Assessment Tool software) and converted into an adolescent-specific Diet Quality Index (DQI-AM). Socio-economic status was estimated through parental educational level (Par-Educ-Lev) and parental occupation level (Par-Occ-Lev) as reported by the adolescents in a specific questionnaire. The DQI-AM data were then analysed as a function of Par-Educ-Lev and Par-Occ-Lev in northern European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden) and southern European countries (Greece, Italy and Spain). We studied a total of 1768 adolescents (age 14.7 (SD 1.3) years; percentage of girls: 52.8%; 1135 and 633 subjects from northern and southern Europe, respectively). On average, the DQI-AM score was higher in southern Europe than in northern Europe (69.1 (SD 0.1) v. 60.4 (SD 2.8), respectively; P < 0.001; Δ = 12.6%). The DQI was positively correlated with both paternal and maternal Par-Educ-Lev. However, this association was more pronounced in northern Europe than in southern Europe (P interaction = 0.004 for the mother and 0.06 for the father). The DQI was also positively correlated with Par-Occ-Lev (all P trends < 0.01), but this correlation was independent of the geographical area (P interaction = 0.51 for the mother and 0.50 for the father). In conclusion, Par-Educ-Lev and Par-Occ-Lev are associated with diet quality in adolescents in Europe. However, this association differs between northern Europe and southern Europe.
饮食质量受社会经济和地理因素的影响。本研究旨在评估青少年的饮食质量是否受到其父母社会经济地位的影响，以及这些因素之间的关系在北欧和南欧是否相似。对在八个欧洲国家进行的“欧洲青少年营养与健康生活方式研究（HELENA）”中收集的数据进行了分析。通过重复 24 小时回忆（使用专门开发的 HELENA 饮食摄入评估工具软件）记录饮食摄入数据，并将其转换为青少年特定的饮食质量指数（DQI-AM）。社会经济地位通过青少年在特定问卷中报告的父母教育水平（Par-Educ-Lev）和父母职业水平（Par-Occ-Lev）来估计。然后，根据 Par-Educ-Lev 和 Par-Occ-Lev 分析 DQI-AM 数据，在北欧国家（奥地利、比利时、法国、德国和瑞典）和南欧国家（希腊、意大利和西班牙）。我们共研究了 1768 名青少年（年龄 14.7（SD 1.3）岁；女孩百分比：52.8%；北欧和南欧分别有 1135 名和 633 名受试者）。平均而言，南欧的 DQI-AM 评分高于北欧（分别为 69.1（SD 0.1）和 60.4（SD 2.8）；P < 0.001；Δ=12.6%）。DQI 与父亲和母亲的 Par-Educ-Lev 均呈正相关。然而，这种关联在北欧比在南欧更为明显（母亲的 P 交互作用=0.004，父亲的 P 交互作用=0.06）。DQI 也与 Par-Occ-Lev 呈正相关（所有 P 趋势<0.01），但这种相关性与地理区域无关（母亲的 P 交互作用=0.51，父亲的 P 交互作用=0.50）。总之，在欧洲，青少年的父母教育水平和职业水平与饮食质量有关。然而，这种关联在北欧和南欧之间存在差异。
