Britt Allison E, Mirman Daniel, Kornilov Sergey A, Magnuson James S
Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA.
Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2014 Jan;145:128-38. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.10.004. Epub 2013 Dec 15.
Previous masked priming research in word recognition has demonstrated that repetition priming is influenced by experiment-wise information structure, such as proportion of target repetition. Research using naturalistic tasks and eye-tracking has shown that people use linguistic knowledge to anticipate upcoming words. We examined whether the proportion of target repetition within an experiment can have a similar effect on anticipatory eye movements. We used a word-to-picture matching task (i.e., the visual world paradigm) with target repetition proportion carefully controlled. Participants' eye movements were tracked starting when the pictures appeared, one second prior to the onset of the target word. Targets repeated from the previous trial were fixated more than other items during this preview period when target repetition proportion was high and less than other items when target repetition proportion was low. These results indicate that linguistic anticipation can be driven by short-term within-experiment trial structure, with implications for the generalization of priming effects, the bases of anticipatory eye movements, and experiment design.
以往关于单词识别的掩蔽启动研究表明，重复启动受实验层面信息结构的影响，例如目标重复比例。使用自然任务和眼动追踪的研究表明，人们会利用语言知识来预测即将出现的单词。我们研究了实验中目标重复比例是否会对预期眼动产生类似影响。我们使用了一个单词与图片匹配任务（即视觉世界范式），并仔细控制了目标重复比例。从图片出现开始，即目标单词出现前一秒，追踪参与者的眼动。当目标重复比例较高时，在前一次试验中重复的目标在这个预览期内比其他项目被注视得更多；当目标重复比例较低时，则比其他项目被注视得更少。这些结果表明，语言预期可能受实验内短期试验结构的驱动，这对启动效应的推广、预期眼动的基础以及实验设计具有启示意义。
