1694名肉食者、食鱼者、素食者和纯素食者的血清胆固醇、载脂蛋白A-I和载脂蛋白B浓度。
Serum concentrations of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B in a total of 1694 meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans.
作者信息
Bradbury K E, Crowe F L, Appleby P N, Schmidt J A, Travis R C, Key T J
机构信息
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
出版信息
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Feb;68(2):178-83. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.248. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe serum lipid concentrations, including apolipoproteins A-I and B, in different diet groups.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 424 meat-eaters, 425 fish-eaters, 423 vegetarians and 422 vegans, matched on sex and age, from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Oxford cohort. Serum concentrations of total, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, as well as apolipoproteins A-I and B were measured, and serum non-HDL cholesterol was calculated.
RESULTS
Vegans had the lowest body mass index (BMI) and the highest and lowest intakes of polyunsaturated and saturated fat, respectively. After adjustment for age, alcohol and physical activity, compared with meat-eaters, fish-eaters and vegetarians, serum concentrations of total and non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were significantly lower in vegans. Serum apolipoprotein A-I concentrations did not differ between the diet groups. In males, the mean serum total cholesterol concentration was 0.87 mmol/l lower in vegans than in meat-eaters; after further adjustment for BMI this difference was 0.76 mmol/l. In females, the difference in total cholesterol between these two groups was 0.6 mmol/l, and after further adjustment for BMI was 0.55 mmol/l. [corrected].
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, which included a large number of vegans, serum total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations were lower in vegans compared with meat-eaters, fish-eaters and vegetarians. A small proportion of the observed differences in serum lipid concentrations was explained by differences in BMI, but a large proportion is most likely due to diet.
背景/目的：本研究的目的是描述不同饮食组的血清脂质浓度，包括载脂蛋白A-I和B。
受试者/方法：对欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查-牛津队列中424名肉食者、425名食鱼者、423名素食者和422名纯素食者进行横断面分析，这些受试者按性别和年龄匹配。测量血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇以及载脂蛋白A-I和B的浓度，并计算血清非HDL胆固醇。
结果
纯素食者的体重指数（BMI）最低，多不饱和脂肪和饱和脂肪的摄入量分别最高和最低。在调整年龄、酒精和身体活动后，与肉食者、食鱼者和素食者相比，纯素食者的血清总胆固醇、非HDL胆固醇和载脂蛋白B浓度显著降低。各饮食组之间的血清载脂蛋白A-I浓度没有差异。在男性中，纯素食者的平均血清总胆固醇浓度比肉食者低0.87 mmol/L；在进一步调整BMI后，这一差异为0.76 mmol/L。在女性中，这两组之间的总胆固醇差异为0.6 mmol/L，在进一步调整BMI后为0.55 mmol/L。[已校正]
结论
在这项纳入大量纯素食者的研究中，与肉食者、食鱼者和素食者相比，纯素食者的血清总胆固醇和载脂蛋白B浓度较低。观察到的血清脂质浓度差异中有一小部分可由BMI差异解释，但很大一部分很可能归因于饮食。
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