Gerstorf Denis, Siedlecki Karen L, Tucker-Drob Elliot M, Salthouse Timothy A
Pennsylvania State University, USA.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Int J Behav Dev. 2009 Jan 1;33(1). doi: 10.1177/0165025408098013.
Across domains of functioning, research has shown substantial within-person variability in a number of different types of variables from one measurement occasion to another. Using data obtained from a large sample ( = 784, 18-97 years) at three separate occasions, we examined properties and correlates of short-term variability in a construct that by definition is prone to fluctuations, namely state anxiety. Our results revealed that participants exhibited sizeable across-occasion variation in state anxiety. The magnitude of variability was unrelated to age, but was associated with a number of individual difference characteristics such as self-reported health, aspects of personality, well-being, and cognition. However, after taking into account mean-level differences in state anxiety, evidence for unique associations of variability was minimal.
在各个功能领域，研究表明，从一个测量时点到另一个测量时点，许多不同类型变量在个体内部存在显著差异。我们利用在三个不同时点从一个大样本（N = 784，年龄在18 - 97岁之间）获取的数据，检验了一个从定义上讲容易波动的构念——即状态焦虑——的短期变异性的特性及其相关因素。我们的结果显示，参与者的状态焦虑在不同时点间表现出相当大的差异。变异性的大小与年龄无关，但与一些个体差异特征有关，如自我报告的健康状况、人格方面、幸福感和认知能力。然而，在考虑了状态焦虑的平均水平差异之后，变异性独特关联的证据微乎其微。
