女性尿失禁：患病率、危险因素和对生活质量的影响。
Urinary incontinence in women: prevalence rates, risk factors and impact on quality of life.
机构信息
Nazli Sensoy, Department of Family Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
Nurhan Dogan, Department of Biostatistics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
出版信息
Pak J Med Sci. 2013 May;29(3):818-22. doi: 10.12669/pjms.293.3404.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the prevalence, risk factors of urinary incontinence (UI) and to assess its impact on the quality of women's life.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was performed 1050 female participants aged between 20-80 years. A questionnaire form, including the socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors and the "International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form" were used for the data collection.
RESULTS
The mean age of women was 48.80±11.53 years. The prevalence of UI was 44.6%. The distribution of the types of UI was 31% stress incontinence, 47.4% urge, and 33.1% mixed type. Although 95.5% of the women reported a negative impact on the quality of life, admission to a health center was only 63.9%, and 64.7% of the women had not received any medical help. The statistical analysis revealed that menopause, constipation, hypertension, diabetes, family history and parity are associated with UI as risk factors.
CONCLUSION
We suggest that in the early diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence (UI), mental, educational and psychosocial support should be given to patients together with medical therapy.
目的
确定尿失禁（UI）的患病率、风险因素，并评估其对女性生活质量的影响。
方法
本横断面研究纳入了 1050 名年龄在 20-80 岁之间的女性参与者。使用问卷形式收集社会人口统计学特征、风险因素以及“国际尿失禁咨询问卷-短表”的数据。
结果
女性的平均年龄为 48.80±11.53 岁。UI 的患病率为 44.6%。UI 的类型分布为：31%压力性尿失禁、47.4%急迫性尿失禁和 33.1%混合性尿失禁。尽管 95.5%的女性报告称 UI 对生活质量有负面影响，但仅有 63.9%的女性前往卫生中心就诊，64.7%的女性未接受任何医疗帮助。统计分析显示，绝经期、便秘、高血压、糖尿病、家族史和产次是与 UI 相关的风险因素。
结论
我们建议在早期诊断和治疗尿失禁（UI）时，应给予患者心理、教育和社会心理支持，以及医疗治疗。
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