职业综合格斗比赛中的受伤发生率。
Incidence of injury in professional mixed martial arts competitions.
机构信息
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
J Sports Sci Med. 2006 Jul 1;5(CSSI):136-42. eCollection 2006.
Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) competitions were introduced in the United States with the first Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) in 1993. In 2001, Nevada and New Jersey sanctioned MMA events after requiring a series of rule changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of injury in professional MMA fighters. Data from all professional MMA events that took place between September 2001 and December 2004 in the state of Nevada were obtained from the Nevada Athletic Commission. Medical and outcome data from events were analyzed based on a pair-matched case-control design. Both conditional and unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess risk factors for injury. A total of 171 MMA matches involving 220 different fighters occurred during the study period. There were a total of 96 injuries to 78 fighters. Of the 171 matches fought, 69 (40.3%) ended with at least one injured fighter. The overall injury rate was 28.6 injuries per 100 fight participations or 12.5 injuries per 100 competitor rounds. Facial laceration was the most common injury accounting for 47.9% of all injuries, followed by hand injury (13.5%), nose injury (10.4%), and eye injury (8.3%). With adjustment for weight and match outcome, older age was associated with significantly increased risk of injury. The most common conclusion to a MMA fight was a technical knockout (TKO) followed by a tap out. The injury rate in MMA competitions is compatible with other combat sports involving striking. The lower knockout rates in MMA compared to boxing may help prevent brain injury in MMA events. Key PointsMixed martial arts (MMA) has changed since the first MMA matches in the United States and now has increased safety regulations and sanctioning.MMA competitions have an overall high rate of injury.There have been no MMA deaths in the United States.The knockout (KO) rate in MMA appears to be lower than the KO rate of boxing matches.MMA must continue to be supervised by properly trained medical professionals and referees to ensure fighter safety in the future.
混合武术（MMA）比赛于 1993 年在美国首次引入终极格斗锦标赛（UFC）。2001 年，内华达州和新泽西州在要求一系列规则变更后批准了 MMA 赛事。本研究的目的是确定职业 MMA 斗士受伤的发生率。从 2001 年 9 月至 2004 年 12 月在内华达州举行的所有职业 MMA 赛事中获得了内华达州运动委员会的数据。根据配对病例对照设计分析了事件的医疗和结果数据。使用条件和无条件逻辑回归模型评估了受伤的危险因素。在研究期间，共发生了 171 场 MMA 比赛，涉及 220 名不同的拳手。共有 78 名拳手的 96 名受伤。在进行的 171 场比赛中，有 69 场（40.3％）至少有一名受伤的拳手结束。总体受伤率为每 100 场比赛 28.6 次受伤，或每 100 名参赛选手回合 12.5 次受伤。面部裂伤是最常见的损伤，占所有损伤的 47.9％，其次是手部损伤（13.5％），鼻损伤（10.4％）和眼部损伤（8.3％）。在调整体重和比赛结果后，年龄较大与受伤风险显著增加相关。MMA 比赛的最常见结论是技术淘汰赛（TKO），其次是投降。MMA 比赛中的受伤率与涉及打击的其他格斗运动相当。与拳击相比，MMA 中的击倒率较低，这可能有助于防止 MMA 赛事中的脑损伤。要点混合武术（MMA）自美国第一场 MMA 比赛以来已经发生了变化，现在已经增加了安全法规和制裁。MMA 比赛的整体受伤率很高。在美国，MMA 没有死亡事件。MMA 的击倒（KO）率似乎低于拳击比赛的 KO 率。MMA 必须继续由经过适当培训的医疗专业人员和裁判监督，以确保未来选手的安全。
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